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10/3/2014 Landform Regions of Canada Unit 2 – second half Canadian Shield • Covers more than half of Canada’s area (4800 000 km2) • Contains some of the world’s oldest rocks (3.69 billion yrs old) • Made up of two types of rocks 1) Igneous 2) Metamorphic Canadian shield Images • Contains valuable minerals in great quantities. • Often called the “storehouse” of Canada’s metallic minerals • Vast deposits of lead, gold, nickel, copper and zinc. The Lowlands • There are 3 lowland areas surrounding the shield. 1) Interior Plains 2) The Great Lakes-St Lawrence Lowlands 3) The Hudson Bay-Arctic Lowlands • Bedrock formed of sediments eroded from the shield and laid down under the seas that existed millions of years ago. • Weight of the upper layers compressed lower layers into sedimentary rock. 1 10/3/2014 The Lowlands The Highlands • In Canada lie to the East, West and North of the shield and lowlands. There are 3 types of Highlands • Each has a very different history and thus looks very different from each other. (The Highlands) 1) The Appalachian Mountains -stretch from the state of Georgia through the Maritimes to Newfoundland. -oldest highland region (300 million yrs old) -Rich in non-metallic minerals (ex coal) 2) The Innuitian Mountains - Located in Canada’s far north - Contain all three types of rock, but mainly composed of sedimentary rock. - Contain many non-metallic minerals - Minerals have not been exploited because of the location. 2 10/3/2014 3) Western Cordillera - Stand along the western edge of Canada. - 3 major divisions (see textbook) a) Rocky Mountains b) Interior Plateaus c) The Coast Mountains • Youngest of the Cdn mountain ranges. • Stand the tallest • Composed of metamorphic & igneous rocks. • Contain metallic minerals Highlands • Activity/Homework: Textbook page __ 3