Download Unit 14 Practice Test A - Lewis

Unit 14 Practice Test A
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about,
influence, and relate to one another?
a. developmental psychology
b. social psychology
c. personality psychology
d. experimental psychology
e. clinical psychology
____
2. The text defines social psychology as the scientific study of how people ________ one another.
a. understand, feel about, and behave toward
b. think about, influence, and relate to
c. observe, understand, and communicate with
d. understand, predict, and control
e. perceive, think about, and talk about
____
3. Attribution theory was designed to account for
a. the process of revealing intimate aspects of ourselves to others.
b. the impact of both heredity and environment on social behavior.
c. social facilitation and social loafing.
d. the loss of self-awareness that occurs in group situations.
e. how people explain others' behavior.
____
4. A dispositional attribution is to ________ as a situational attribution is to ________.
a. normative influence; informational influence
b. high ability; low motivation
c. personality traits; assigned roles
d. politically liberal; politically conservative
e. introversion; extraversion
____
5. Ksana insists that her boyfriend's car accident resulted from his carelessness. Her explanation for the
accident provides an example of
a. the bystander effect.
b. deindividuation.
c. ingroup bias.
d. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
e. a dispositional attribution.
____
6. Recognizing the powerful impact of social influence on others' behaviors is most likely to minimize
a. passionate love.
b. social facilitation.
c. the mere exposure effect.
d. the fundamental attribution error.
e. overjustification effect.
____
7. People are especially likely to demonstrate the fundamental attribution error in cultures that value
a. individualism.
b. sexual stereotyping.
c. the reciprocity norm.
d. superordinate goals.
e. collectivism.
____
8. Compared with people from East Asian cultures, those from individualistic Western countries are
more likely to demonstrate
a. conformity.
b. ingroup bias.
c. ethnic stereotyping.
d. the fundamental attribution error.
e. obedience.
____
9. Freire did very poorly on his last arithmetic test. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution
error might lead his sixth-grade teacher to conclude that Freire did poorly because
a. he is unmotivated to do well in school.
b. the test covered material that had not been adequately covered in class.
c. his parents had an argument the evening before the test.
d. he was not given enough time to complete the test.
e. he was tired and didn't try very hard on the test.
____ 10. The fundamental attribution error is likely to be restrained by observing someone
a. in a variety of situations.
b. who is unemployed.
c. who is wealthy.
d. we dislike.
e. in a stressful situation.
____ 11. Opinion change resulting from incidental cues such as a speaker's attractiveness illustrates
a. informational social influence.
b. peripheral route persuasion.
c. superordinate goals.
d. social facilitation.
e. central route persuasion.
____ 12. Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrate that
a. people often fail to notice the influence they exert over others.
b. a pooling of efforts toward a common goal contributes to social loafing.
c. the presence of others interferes with individual performance on difficult tasks.
d. actions may sometimes be inconsistent with attitudes.
e. group discussion enhances a group's prevailing attitudes.
____ 13. Opinion change resulting from a thoughtful focus on the content of arguments illustrates
a. central route persuasion.
b. normative social influence.
c. social facilitation.
d. cognitive dissonance.
e. peripheral route persuasion.
____ 14. Compared with central route persuasion, peripheral route persuasion tends to
a. be more durable.
b. occur more rapidly.
c. be more likely to influence behavior.
d. involve a greater number of logical arguments.
e. take longer to affect others.
____ 15. Instead of providing arguments in favor of a political candidate, ads may build political support by
associating pictures of the candidate with emotion-evoking music and images. This strategy best
illustrates
a. the social-responsibility norm.
b. deindividuation.
c. peripheral route persuasion.
d. informational social influence.
e. central route persuasion.
____ 16. To “brainwash” captured American soldiers during the Korean War, Chinese communists made
effective use of
a. the just-world phenomenon.
b. the bystander effect.
c. the frustration-aggression principle.
d. the fundamental attribution error.
e. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
____ 17. Aleksis has recently begun to bully and hurt his younger brother. If this behavior continues, it is
likely that Aleksis will
a. experience a substantial loss of self-esteem.
b. develop an increasing dislike for his brother.
c. experience a sense of deindividuation.
d. develop a great sense of admiration and respect for his brother.
e. experience intense guilt later in life.
____ 18. In the years immediately following the introduction of school desegregation in the United States and
the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, White Americans expressed diminishing racial
prejudice. According to the text author, this best illustrated the impact of
a. groupthink on deindividuation.
b. actions on attitudes.
c. bystanders on altruism.
d. group polarization on stereotypes.
e. obedience on conformity.
____ 19. After she was promoted to a high-level executive position in the large company for which she
worked, Jorana developed more pro-business political attitudes. This best illustrates the impact of
________ on attitudes.
a. deindividuation
b.
c.
d.
e.
social facilitation
role-playing
mirror-image perceptions
the bystander effect
____ 20. The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as a(n)
a. ingroup bias.
b. attribution.
c. attitude.
d. role.
e. altruism.
____ 21. The participants in Philip Zimbardo's simulated prison study
a. were assigned the roles of prisoner or guard on the basis of their personality test
scores.
b. found it very difficult to play the role of prison guard.
c. were so endangered by their role-playing experience that the study was
discontinued.
d. became a cohesive unit when they pursued superordinate goals.
e. were selectively chosen in order to maximize their effectiveness as prisoners or
guards.
____ 22. If a cluster of people stand gazing upward, passersby will often pause to do likewise. This best
illustrates
a. the mere exposure effect.
b. the bystander effect.
c. social loafing.
d. the chameleon effect.
e. social facilitation.
____ 23. Which of the following is most likely to help us empathize with others?
a. the bystander effect.
b. the chameleon effect.
c. mirror-image perceptions.
d. social facilitation.
e. central route persuasion.
____ 24. We tend to feel cheerful around happy people and sad around depressed people. This illustrates
a. the mere exposure effect.
b. mood linkage.
c. the reciprocity norm.
d. mirror-image perceptions.
e. the social exchange theory.
____ 25. If one student in a classroom begins to cough, others are likely to do the same. This best illustrates
a. deindividuation.
b. ingroup bias.
c. the mere exposure effect.
d. the bystander effect.
e. the chameleon effect.
____ 26. Conformity is best described as
a. performing simple tasks more quickly in the presence of others.
b. adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard.
c. neglecting critical thinking in order to preserve group harmony.
d. losing self-awareness in group situations that foster anonymity.
e. following the directions of a powerful authority figure.
____ 27. Mr. Jones is a member of the faculty committee on academic standards at a local private school. He
personally disagrees with the other committee members' proposed plan to begin accepting students
with below-average grades. Mr. Jones is most likely, however, to vote in favor of their plan if
a. the other committee members are unanimous in their opinion.
b. he stated his personal opinion early in the committee's discussion.
c. committee voting is done by private ballot.
d. he has a high level of self-esteem.
e. he personally dislikes the other committee members and wishes he were on a more
prestigious college committee.
____ 28. Alex thinks drinking sugar-laden sodas is bad for you but other players on his hockey team insist
that it is not. Alex is likely to conform to their opinion if
a. he has publicly voiced his opinion on this issue.
b. there is obvious disagreement among team players regarding the issue.
c. he feels insecure in his role as a new member of the team.
d. there are very few team members whom he currently wants to befriend.
e. the other players consider him to be one of the leaders of the team.
____ 29. Toby publicly agrees with his friends that Ahmed, a senior, would make the best Student Senate
President. On the secret ballot, however, he actually votes for Yoram. Toby's public conformity to
his friends' opinion best illustrates the power of
a. social facilitation.
b. informational social influence.
c. deindividuation.
d. normative social influence.
e. the mere exposure effect.
____ 30. Conformity resulting from the acceptance of others' opinions about reality is said to be a response to
a. group polarization.
b. social facilitation.
c. informational social influence.
d. normative social influence.
e. deindividuation.
____ 31. The value of social conformity is most likely to be emphasized in
a. England.
b. France.
c. Japan.
d. the United States.
e. Canada.
____ 32. In all of Milgram's obedience experiments, participants were deceived about
a. the association of the research with a prestigious university.
b. Milgram's professional status as a research psychologist.
c. how much they would actually be paid for participating in the research.
d. the amount of shock the victim actually received.
e. whether or not they knew the participants in the research.
____ 33. In Milgram's first study of obedience, the majority of “teachers” who were ordered to shock a
“learner”
a. refused to deliver even slight levels of shock.
b. initially complied but refused to deliver more than slight levels of shock.
c. complied until ordered to deliver intense levels of shock.
d. complied fully and delivered the highest level of shock.
e. refused to deliver shocks to all participants who expressed doubt about the
experiment.
____ 34. Social facilitation refers to the tendency to
a. neglect critical thinking because of a strong desire for social harmony within a
b.
c.
d.
e.
group.
perform well-learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others.
experience an increasing attraction to novel stimuli as they become more familiar.
lose self-restraint in group situations that foster anonymity.
comply with a large request if one has previously complied with a small request.
____ 35. Social loafing refers to the tendency for people to
a. perform a complex task more poorly when others are present.
b. exert less effort when they are pooling their efforts toward a common goal.
c. exert less effort when they are paid by the hour, not by the amount of work
completed.
d. become more distracted from their tasks when working with friends than when
working with strangers.
e. stop working once they have reached their goal.
____ 36. University students were observed to pull harder on a rope when they thought they were pulling
alone than when they thought three others were pulling with them on the same rope. This best
illustrates
a. social loafing.
b. the chameleon effect.
c. group polarization.
d. social facilitation.
e. deindividuation.
____ 37. In which of the following groups is social loafing LEAST likely?
a. a highway crew responsible for filling potholes in streets and expressways
b. factory workers who are each paid on the basis of the number of bicycles each
assembles individually
c. Girl Scouts who must gather wood for a campfire
d. a game show audience instructed to applaud when the host appears on stage
e. high school students working on a group project for which they will all receive the
same grade
____ 38. After an exciting football game in which the home team loses by one point, a crowd of fans throws
bottles and begins to tear up the field. This behavior is best understood in terms of
a. the just-world phenomenon.
b. obedience.
c. the bystander effect.
d. social facilitation.
e. deindividuation.
____ 39. Circumstances that increase ________ are likely to reduce ________.
a. stress; social loafing
b. self-awareness; deindividuation
c. anonymity; groupthink
d. self-awareness; social facilitation
e. anonymity; stress
____ 40. If the political conservatism of students who join fraternities and sororities is greater than that of
students who do not, the gap in the political attitudes of the two groups will probably widen as they
progress through college. This would be best explained in terms of
a. social loafing.
b. the bystander effect.
c. deindividuation.
d. group polarization.
e. social facilitation.
____ 41. Which of the following processes most obviously operates in groupthink?
a. social facilitation
b. cognitive dissonance
c. group polarization
d. self-disclosure
e. social loafing
____ 42. The preservation of innovation best illustrates the survival value of
a. culture.
b. altruism.
c. individualism.
d. personal space.
e. the chameleon effect.
____ 43. Norms are best described as
a. personality traits we inherit from our parents.
b. a person's characteristic emotional reaction to stress.
c. rules for socially acceptable behavior.
d. buffer zones we like to maintain between ourselves and others.
e. our deeply held beliefs about what is moral and ethical.
____ 44. The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of
a. genetic predispositions.
b. roles.
c. attributions.
d. personal space.
e. norms.
____ 45. Personal space refers to
a. our inner private thoughts and personally subjective feelings about ourselves.
b. the distance we like to maintain between ourselves and other people.
c. the priority we give to our own personal needs over group needs.
d. areas of a home, such as a bedroom, where privacy is important.
e. the areas of our life we are willing to self-disclose.
____ 46. Even though many chairs in the library study area are unoccupied, Wang chooses to sit right next to
Annest. Annest is most likely to feel uncomfortable because Wang has violated her
a. role.
b. gender schema.
c. personal space.
d. temperament.
e. gender identity.
____ 47. Since 1960, most Western cultures have changed with remarkable speed. The LEAST likely
explanation for these variations involves changes in
a. communication systems.
b. genetic predispositions.
c. scientific knowledge.
d. social norms.
e. migration patterns.
____ 48. In comparison to 40 years ago, American women today are more likely to marry for the sake of
a. economic advantage.
b. social status.
c. reproductive success.
d. gender equality.
e. romantic love.
____ 49. The three components of prejudice are
a. schemas, attributions, and social scripts.
b. inequality, frustration, and aggression.
c. beliefs, emotions, and predispositions to action.
d. ingroup bias, mirror-image perceptions, and deindividuation.
e. social loafing, group polarization, and groupthink.
____ 50. A store owner charges Black customers more than Hispanic customers for the very same
merchandise. The owner is most clearly engaging in
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
deindividuation.
stereotyping.
group polarization.
discrimination.
ingroup bias.
____ 51. Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in
a. stereotyping.
b. deindividuation.
c. discrimination.
d. the fundamental attribution error.
e. confirmation bias.
____ 52. Priming people with a flashed Black face rather than a flashed White face makes them more likely to
misperceive a flashed tool as a gun. This best illustrates the subtle character of
a. ingroup bias.
b. deindividuation.
c. implicit racial associations.
d. the fundamental attribution error.
e. the other-race effect.
____ 53. When White university women withheld criticism of a flawed essay written by a Black fellow
student, they demonstrated
a. the mere exposure effect.
b. patronization.
c. deindividuation.
d. the other-race effect.
e. social traps.
____ 54. Prejudice is most likely to develop as a way of justifying
a. group polarization.
b. deindividuation.
c. the bystander effect.
d. superordinate goals.
e. social inequalities.
____ 55. The ingroup is the set of people with whom we share a common
a. social norm.
b. dispositional attribution.
c. identity.
d. situational attribution.
e. superordinate goal.
____ 56. Compared with numerical majorities, numerical minorities, such as the Scots in Britain, are
especially conscious of their
a. superordinate goals.
b. implicit attitudes.
c. reciprocity norms.
d. social identities.
e. personal space.
____ 57. Disparaging or belittling a despised outgroup provides people with a heightened sense of their own
a. fundamental attribution errors.
b. deindividuation.
c. superordinate goals.
d. self-worth.
e. social loafing.
____ 58. Ever since he lost his job because he was constantly late for work, Richard has become increasingly
hostile toward the “government bureaucrats who are leading the country toward bankruptcy.”
Richard's increasing prejudice is best explained in terms of
a. the just-world phenomenon.
b. the fundamental attribution error.
c. ingroup bias.
d. social facilitation.
e. scapegoat theory.
____ 59. The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races is called
a. ingroup bias.
b. the other-race effect.
c. deindividuation.
d. the mere exposure effect.
e. mirror-image perception.
____ 60. Mr. Ignatenko thinks that most unemployed people are to blame for their own misfortune. His belief
best illustrates a potential consequence of
a. ingroup bias.
b. deindividuation.
c. the social responsibility norm.
d. the mere exposure effect.
e. the just-world phenomenon.
____ 61. An eagerness to believe that victims of a natural disaster are being punished by God for their sins
best illustrates a potential consequence of
a. deindividuation.
b. ingroup bias.
c. the bystander effect.
d. the just-world phenomenon.
e. the mere exposure effect.
____ 62. Only when experimental participants were informed that a woman was raped did they perceive the
woman's behavior as inviting rape. This best illustrates that victim-blaming is fueled by
a. the mere exposure effect.
b. the bystander effect.
c. the foot-in-the-door-phenomenon.
d. hindsight bias.
e. deindividuation.
____ 63. Verbal behavior intended to hurt another person is an example of
a. a dispositional attribution.
b. prejudice.
c. deindividuation.
d. aggression.
e. the mere exposure effect.
____ 64. An explanation of aggression in terms of instinct would have the most difficulty accounting for
a. unexpected and unprovoked outbursts of aggression.
b. wide cultural variations in aggressiveness.
c. aggression that is accompanied by anger and hostility.
d. the use of nuclear weapons to kill millions of unseen victims.
e. violent behaviors passed down from parents to children.
____ 65. When a mild-mannered woman had an electrode implanted in her amygdala, she
a. developed more aggressive tendencies.
b. acted just as she had before the implantation.
c. became even milder, unable even to say “no” to anyone's request for help.
d. lost her ability to remember events that had recently occurred.
e. exhibited more masculine behaviors.
____ 66. A gap between modest goal attainments and very high goal expectations is most likely to trigger
a. group polarization.
b. deindividuation.
c. frustration.
d. equity.
e. social loafing.
____ 67. The frustration-aggression principle suggests that anger results when
a. false stereotypes influence perceptions of others.
b. an attempt to achieve some goal is blocked.
c. there are striking differences of opinion among group members.
d. self-awareness and self-restraint are reduced.
e. attitudes affect actions through normative social influences.
____ 68. Organisms often respond to ________ with a fight-or-flight reaction.
a. social facilitation
b. the mere exposure effect
c. superordinate goals
d. stress
e. discrimination
____ 69. Youths who are shunned and mocked by peers are especially likely to respond with aggression if
they have earlier experienced
a. the mere exposure effect.
b. companionate love.
c. the chameleon effect.
d. social rejection.
e. ingroup bias.
____ 70. High rates of violence are most common among those who experience minimal levels of
a. cognitive dissonance.
b. deindividuation.
c. social facilitation.
d. father care.
e. group polarization.
____ 71. Which of the following would be the best advice to give parents who are concerned about the
frequent aggressive outbursts of their 6-year-old son?
a. “Encourage your son to express his anger by slugging a punching bag.”
b. “Make a point of rewarding and praising your son whenever he is socially
cooperative and altruistic. ”
c. “Be consistent in spanking your child after every outburst, so he'll realize that
aggression never pays.”
d. “Encourage your son to watch the devastating consequences of violence portrayed
on TV.”
e. “Don't be concerned about your child's aggressiveness, unless the behavior pattern
continues beyond the fifth grade. ”
____ 72. After watching a large number of violent pornographic movies, Ollie will probably be
a. more likely to believe that such movies should be banned.
b. less likely to believe that women are seriously harmed by rape.
c. more likely to favor long prison sentences for convicted rapists.
d. less likely to believe that women enjoy aggressive sexual treatment from men.
e. more likely to be more sensitive to the discrimination experienced by women.
____ 73. A significant danger of media violence is that impressionable viewers are subsequently more likely
to enact the ________ provided by the media.
a. superordinate goals
b. social loafing
c. reciprocity norm
d. social scripts
e. fundamental attribution error
____ 74. Professor Lindsten emphasized that aggressive behavior often involves the interactive influence of
personal frustration, exposure to aggressive models, and heightened levels of arousal. The
professor's emphasis best illustrates
a. attribution theory.
b. the reciprocity norm.
c. social facilitation.
d. a biopsychosocial approach.
e. social exchange theory.
____ 75. When Armen first heard the hit song “Gotta Love It,” he wasn't at all sure he liked it. The more often
he heard it played, however, the more he enjoyed it. Armen's reaction illustrates
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
the bystander effect.
social facilitation.
companionate love.
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
the mere exposure effect.
____ 76. Makato, a 15-year-old high school sophomore, is physically unattractive. Compared with good-
looking students, Makato is more likely to
a. be physically coordinated and athletic.
b. have difficulty making a favorable impression on potential employers.
c. become a loving and dependent brother.
d. earn low grades in his courses.
e. be well liked by other male students.
____ 77. People's physical attractiveness is unrelated to their
a. feelings of popularity.
b. level of earned income.
c. frequency of dating.
d. self-esteem.
e. perceived friendliness.
____ 78. Compared with others, strikingly attractive people make a(n) ________ favorable impression on
potential employers, and they are ________ likely to perceive praise for their work as sincere.
a. equally; less
b. more; more
c. less; equally
d. more; less
e. more; equally
____ 79. Felippe, a 17-year-old high school senior, is very talkative, intelligent, assertive, and politically
conservative. Research suggests that he would be most likely to develop a close friendship with
a. Toren, who is talkative and assertive.
b. Erez, who is quiet and passive.
c. Tom, who is intelligent and quiet.
d. Fabio, who is politically liberal and talkative.
e. Harvinder, who is talkative but insecure.
____ 80. The two-factor theory of emotion has been used to explain
a. the bystander effect.
b. passionate love.
c. social facilitation.
d. the mere exposure effect.
e. the just-world phenomenon.
____ 81. Casandra, who is attractive and likable, has just telephoned Mike and asked him for a date.
According to the two-factor theory of emotion, Mike is likely to experience the most intense
romantic feelings for Casandra during their telephone conversation if he has just
a. awakened from a short nap.
b.
c.
d.
e.
finished eating a delicious meal.
completed a series of aerobic exercises.
been studying his history lecture notes.
started writing a romantic poem.
____ 82. In investigating the impact of physical arousal on passionate love, Donald Dutton and Arthur Aron
arranged for an attractive woman to briefly interact with men who had recently
a. consumed an alcoholic beverage.
b. crossed a swaying footbridge.
c. listened to romantic music.
d. intervened in an emergency.
e. failed a midterm test.
____ 83. Orville thinks his girlfriend derives more benefits from their relationship than he does, even though
he contributes more to the relationship. Orville most clearly believes that their relationship lacks
a. self-disclosure.
b. romantic love.
c. equity.
d. superordinate goals.
e. passionate love.
____ 84. The tragic murder of Kitty Genovese outside her New York apartment stimulated social
psychological research on
a. altruism.
b. the mere exposure effect.
c. the fundamental attribution error.
d. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
e. the effects of exposure to violent pornography.
____ 85. Which of the following people would be most likely to help Gita study for her history exam?
a. Gita's older brother, who probably has nothing better to do that evening
b. Gita's mother, who is excited about the unexpected bonus she just received from
her employer
c. Gita's father, who always points out how differently men and women think and act
d. Gita's younger sister, whose boyfriend just canceled their date for the next evening
e. Gita's co-worker, who stayed late after work to chat with Gita.
____ 86. As Arlette walks through a shopping mall, she happens to pass an older woman who is sitting on a
bench, clutching her arm, and moaning in pain. The presence of many other shoppers in the mall will
most likely increase the probability that Arlette will
a. experience contempt for the older woman.
b. help the woman by calling an ambulance.
c. experience a sense of empathy for the older woman.
d. fail to notice the older woman's problem.
e. experience the emotional benefits of altruism by helping the older woman.
____ 87. Darley and Latané observed that most university students failed to help a person having an epileptic
seizure when they thought there were four other witnesses to the emergency. The students' failure to
help is best explained in terms of
a. the ingroup bias.
b. a failure to interpret the incident as an emergency.
c. indifference and apathy.
d. their feelings of limited responsibility.
e. emergency preparedness.
____ 88. People are less likely to give aid if an emergency occurs in the presence of many observers. This is
known as
a. group polarization.
b. social loafing.
c. the bystander effect.
d. the mere exposure effect.
e. social facilitation.
____ 89. Diffusion of responsibility often plays an important role in the
a. mere exposure effect.
b. other-race effect.
c. bystander effect.
d. fundamental attribution error.
e. social exchange theory.
____ 90. When 12-year-old Jamilah saw an old man lying on the sidewalk in apparent discomfort, he prepared
to offer help. But when he noticed several adults walk past the man, he concluded that the man did
not need any help. His reaction most clearly illustrates one of the dynamics involved in
a. the mere exposure effect.
b. the fundamental attribution error.
c. social loafing.
d. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
e. the bystander effect.
____ 91. Social psychologists have arranged for people to drop coins or pencils in elevators in order to study
a. the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
b. the mere exposure effect.
c. social facilitation.
d. social loafing.
e. the bystander effect.
____ 92. When 68-year-old Mrs. Blake had a flat tire on a fairly isolated highway, she received help from a
passerby in less than 10 minutes. One year later, she had a flat tire on a busy freeway and an hour
elapsed before someone finally stopped to offer assistance. Mrs. Blake's experience best illustrates
a. the reciprocity norm.
b. the mere exposure effect.
c. social responsibility.
d. the bystander effect.
e. the foot-in-the door phenomenon.
____ 93. If two countries are rivals for the exclusive control of the same area of land, their predicament best
illustrates
a. the two-factor theory.
b. superordinate goals.
c. deindividuation.
d. conflict.
e. a social trap.
____ 94. To help people avoid social traps, psychologists should promote an increased awareness of
a. social facilitation.
b. the mere exposure effect.
c. normative social influence.
d. the social-responsibility norm.
e. deindividuation.
____ 95. Continuing to operate a fuel-inefficient car despite warnings about the effect of greenhouse gases
best illustrates the dynamics of
a. the just-world phenomenon.
b. social loafing.
c. a social trap.
d. the fundamental attribution error.
e. the mere exposure effect.
____ 96. Noncompetitive contact between members of two different ethnic groups is likely to reduce
prejudice when the contact is between individuals with
a. ingroup bias.
b. implicit prejudice.
c. equal status.
d. mirror-image perceptions.
e. normative social influence.
____ 97. In most desegregated schools, ethnic groups resegregate themselves in the lunchrooms. People in
each group often think they would welcome more contact with the other group, but they assume that
the other group does not reciprocate the wish. This pattern of thinking best illustrates
a. mirror-image perceptions.
b. implicit prejudice.
c. the other-race effect.
d. deindividuation.
e. a social trap.
____ 98. Initially prejudiced heterosexuals are likely to develop more accepting attitudes toward homosexuals
following the experience of
a. social facilitation.
b. mirror-image perceptions.
c. face-to-face contact.
d. deindividuation.
e. norms of reciprocity.
____ 99. Muzafer Sherif's study of conflict in a Boy Scout camp indicated that conflict between two groups of
boys could be reduced most effectively by
a. bringing the members of both groups into close contact.
b. having one group make conciliatory gestures to the other group.
c. allowing leaders of the two groups to communicate.
d. exposing the groups to tasks that required their joint cooperation.
e. encouraging a friendly competition between the groups.
____ 100. A sincere word of apology often helps to reduce the tension between two conflicting parties. This
best illustrates the value of
a. the mere exposure effect.
b. social facilitation.
c. groupthink.
d. conciliation.
e. self-disclosure.
Unit 14 Practice Test A
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
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16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
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B
B
E
C
E
D
A
D
A
A
B
D
A
B
C
E
B
B
C
D
C
D
B
B
E
B
A
C
D
C
C
D
D
B
B
A
B
E
B
D
C
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Easy
Easy
Easy
Difficult
Easy
Easy
Difficult
Difficult
Difficult
Medium
Easy
Easy
Easy
Medium
Medium
Medium
Difficult
Medium
Medium
Easy
Medium
Medium
Medium
Easy
Medium
Easy
Medium
Easy
Difficult
Easy
Difficult
Medium
Medium
Easy
Medium
Easy
Difficult
Difficult
Easy
Easy
Medium
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Page 643 | Section- Social Psychology
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42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
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55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
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78.
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81.
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83.
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85.
86.
87.
88.
ANS:
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ANS:
A
C
E
B
C
B
E
C
D
C
C
B
E
C
D
D
E
B
E
D
D
D
B
A
C
B
D
D
D
B
B
D
D
E
B
D
D
A
B
C
B
C
A
B
D
D
C
DIF:
DIF:
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Medium
Easy
Medium
Easy
Easy
Easy
Easy
Medium
Medium
Easy
Difficult
Medium
Easy
Easy
Medium
Difficult
Medium
Medium
Difficult
Difficult
Medium
Easy
Medium
Easy
Medium
Medium
Easy
Medium
Easy
Difficult
Medium
Medium
Difficult
Medium
Medium
Medium
Medium
Medium
Easy
Medium
Difficult
Medium
Medium
Medium
Difficult
Medium
Easy
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Page 661 | Section- Social Psychology
Page 662 | Section- Social Psychology
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89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
C
E
E
D
D
D
C
C
A
C
D
D
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
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DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
Medium
Easy
Difficult
Medium
Easy
Medium
Easy
Medium
Medium
Easy
Medium
Medium
REF:
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Page 686 | Section- Social Psychology
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