Download ap review: chapters 41-45

May 07, 2011
Hydrostatic Skeleton:
FIFTH AND TEN
BIO REVIEW
CHAPTERS 41-45
EXOSKELETONS
1 Which type of skeleton grows with the
organism?
A endoskeleton
B arthropod exoskeleton
C
mollusc exoskeleton
D
None of the above
E All of the above
May 07, 2011
2 Which of these pairs is mismatched?
A slightly movable joint -- vertebrae
B hinge joint -- hip
C
synovial joint -- elbow
D
immovable joint -- sutures in cranium
E ball-and-socket joint -- hip
3 The part of the skeleton that consists of
the pectoral and pelvic girdles and the
bones of the arms and legs.
A axial skeleleton
B appendicular skeleton
C
compact bone
D
spongy bone
E osteons
Muscles are made
out of muscle cells
called muscle fibers.
Fibers are made of
myofibrils
Myofibrils are made
of sarcomeres
Sarcomeres are made
of actin and myosin
Three different types of muscles
A muscle fiber/cell membrane is called the
sarcolemma, which penetrates into the cell via
the T-tubules. The T-tubules are connected to a..
myosin
actin
...specialized ER called thesarcoplasmic
reticulum surrounding myofibrils. The SR stores
and releases calcium ions!
May 07, 2011
4 In a muscle fiber,
5 When muscles contract,
A
the sarcolemma is connective tissue
holding the myofibrils together.
A sarcomeres shorten
B
the sarcoplasmic reticulum stores
calcium.
C
actin slides past myosin
both myosin and actin filaments
have cross-bridges.
D
the H Zone disappears
C
E All of these are correct
D
there is a T system but no
endoplasmic reticulum.
B myosin breaks down ATP
E All of these are correct.
6 When calcium is released from the
sarcoplasmic reticulum, it binds to
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
A myosin
B actin
C
troponin
D
sarcomeres
E Both b and d are correct.
ADH example
PEPTIDE HORMONES
STEROID HORMONES
May 07, 2011
7 Peptide hormones
A
are received by a receptor located in
the plasma membrane
B
are received by a receptor located in
the cytoplasm
C
bring about the transcription of DNA
D
Both b and c are correct
9 Tall basketball players, giants and
dwarfs are all a result of too much or
too little growth hormone. Which gland
secretes this?
A adrenal cortex
B adrenal medulla
8 One of the cheif differences between
endocrine hormones and local
hormones is
A the distance over which they act.
B
that one is a chemical signal and the
other is not.
C
only endocrine hormones are made
by humans.
D
All of these are correct.
10 Goiter is a result of the
lack of iodine in the
diet. Which hormone
would be then lacking?
A adrenalin
B PTH
C
testes/ovaries
D
pancreas
C
ACTH
E pineal gland
D
melatonin
F thyroid gland
E TH
G parathyroid gland
H
anterior pituitary
F testosterone
I posterior pituitary
G ADH
J thymus gland
H
11 Hormones from all but which of the
following glands can affect glucose
levels in the body?
A pancreas
B adrenal glands
C
pituitary
D
hypothalamus
E thymus
oxytocin
12 Which gland secretes a hormone that
stimulates the "release" of milk from
the mammary glands?
A adrenal cortex
B adrenal medulla
C
testes/ovaries
D
pancreas
E pineal gland
F thyroid gland
G parathyroid gland
H
anterior pituitary
I posterior pituitary
J thymus gland
May 07, 2011
13 Cretinism: is a result of which hormone
being hyposecreted since birth?
14 Which gland secretes a hormone that
stimulates the "formation" of milk in the
mammary glands?
A adrenal cortex
A adrenalin
B adrenal medulla
B PTH
C
testes/ovaries
C
ACTH
D
pancreas
D
melatonin
E pineal gland
F thyroid gland
E TH
G parathyroid gland
F testosterone
H
G ADH
H
anterior pituitary
I posterior pituitary
oxytocin
J thymus gland
EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION
INTERNAL FERTILIZATION
Complete
Metamorphosis
adult
pupa
larva
INCOMPLETE
METAMORPHOSIS
May 07, 2011
15 Identify those organisms that can do
asexual reproduction (MAP):
16 The development of an unfertilized egg
into an entire organism.
A fish
A copulation
B invertebrates
B endometriosis
C
insects
C
parthenogenesis
D
cnidarians
D
binary fission
E flatworms
E metamorphosis
F lizards
G mammals
17 Organs that produce gametes; the
ovary, which produces eggs, and the
testis, which produces sperm
A estrogen
B sperm
C
oogenesis
D
gonads
E FSH
18 Type of mammal that produces eggs
A placental
B monotremes
C
marsupials
D
opossom
E kangaroo
May 07, 2011
19 Internal fertilization (MAP)
A
can prevent the drying out of
gametes and zygotes
B must take place on land
C
is practiced by humans
D
requires that males have a penis
21 FSH (MAP)
A is secreted by females but not males
20 Which of these pairs is mismatched?
(MAP)
A interstitial cells, testosterone
B
seminiferous tubules, sperm
production
C
vasa deferentia, seminal fluid
production
D
urethra, conducts sperm
22 Which of these combinations is most
likely to be present before ovulation
occurs?
B
stimulates the seminiferous tubules
to produce sperm
A
FSH, corpus luteum, estrogen,
secretory uterine lining
C
secretion is controlled by
gonadotropin-releasing hormone
B
LH, follicle, progesterone, thick
endometrium
D
is the same as luteinizing hormone
C
FSH, follicle, estrogen, endometrium
becoming thick
D
LH, corpus luteum, progesterone,
secretory endomethrium
May 07, 2011
23 Put in sequence the pathway that sperm
enters the female for fertilization.
1. uterus
24 Which means of birth control, other
than the OBVIOUS,...abstinence, is
most effective in preventing STDs?
2. vagina
A
I know it is MUCH better to wait, but
the pill
3. oviducts
B
I know it is MUCH better to wait, but
a condom
4. cervix
C
I know it is MUCH better to wait, but
a diaphragm
D
I know it is MUCH better to wait, but
spermicidal jelly
E
I know it is MUCH better to wait, but
a vasectomy
25 NAME THAT STD: most common, most
numerous, can develop into PID
26 NAME THAT STD: no cure, impacts your
immune system, retrovirus
A AIDS - virus
A AIDS - virus
B Chlamydia - bacteria
B Chlamydia - bacteria
C
C
Genital Herpes - virus
Genital Herpes - virus
D Genital Warts - virus
D Genital Warts - virus
E Gonorrhea - bacteria
E Gonorrhea - bacteria
F Hepatitis B - virus
F Hepatitis B - virus
G Syphilis - bacteria
G Syphilis - bacteria
H
H
Vaginitis - protist/yeast
27 NAME THAT STD: chancre, rash, gummas
A AIDS - virus
B Chlamydia - bacteria
C
Genital Herpes - virus
D Genital Warts - virus
E Gonorrhea - bacteria
F Hepatitis B - virus
G Syphilis - bacteria
H
Vaginitis - protist/yeast
Vaginitis - protist/yeast
May 07, 2011
28 Put the following in the correct sequence:
1. cleavage
2. gastrula
3. morula
4. neurula
5. blastula
30 In some animals, the notochord is
replaced by the
29 Which of these stages is mismatched?
A cleavage, cell division
B blastula, gut formation
C
gastrula, three germ layers
D
neurula, nervous system
31 The archenteron will develop into the
A heart
A neural plate
B vertebral column
B vertebral column
C
gut
C
neurula
D
None of the above
D
None of these are correct
32 Morphogenesis is associated with (MAP):
A protein gradients
B induction
C
transcription factors
D
homeotic genes
May 07, 2011
33 Which of the following pairs is
mismatched?
34 The ability of one embryonic tissue to
influence the growth and development
of another tissue is termed
A brain, ectoderm
B gut, endoderm
A morphogenesis
C
bone, mesoderm
B pattern formation
D
lens, endoderm
C
apoptosis
D
cellular differentiation
E heart, mesoderm
E induction
35 Implantation occurs at the ____ stage.
36 Similarities in the development of birds,
mammals, and reptiles indicate
A gastrula
B blastula
A evolutionary relationships
C
morula
B a coincidence
D
None of the above are correct.
C
same amount of yolk
D
None of the above
37 The umbilical vein carries blood rich in
38 Behavior is
A nutrients
A any action that is learned?
B oxygen
B all responses to the environment?
C
Both a and b are correct
D
Neither a nor b are correct
C
any action that can be observed and
described?
D
all activity that is controlled by
hormones?
E unique to birds and humans?
May 07, 2011
The hybrids:
1. Cut "intermediate"
length nesting material
2. Wanted to travel with
material in rump
feathers, but would fall
out
ENVIRONMENTAL
INFLUENCES ON
BEHAVIOR
3. Would eventually
learn to carry nesting
material in beak, but
always with a look at the
rump.
Baby chicks follow the first object that
moves after they hatch, their "sensitive
period".
IMPRINTING
39 Using treats to train a dog to do a trick
is an example of
A imprinting
B vocalization
C
tutoring
D
operant conditioning
E classical conditioning
ALTRUISM or SELF-INTEREST
May 07, 2011
Communication:
an action by a
sender that
cooperation
influences the
behavior of the
receiver
beyond
just reproduction
If the same species
can benefit both
the sender and
receiver...
Hi!
40 Which of the following are costs that a
dominant male baboon must pay in
order to gain reproductive benefit?
TACTILE
COMMUNICATION
41 Behavior related to defending a
particular area, which is often used for
the purpose of feeding, mating, and
caring for young:
A altruism
A
He requires more food and must
travel larger distances.
B
He requires more food and must
care for his young.
C
imprinting
D
communication
C
He is more prone to injury and
requires more food.
E pheromone
D
He is more prone to injury and must
care for his young.
G territoriality
E
He must care for his young and
travel larger distances.
42 Chemical substance secreted into the
environment by one organism that may
influence the behavior of another:
A altruism
B associative learning
B associative learning
F inclusive fitness
H
sexual selection
I learning
J fitness
43 Social interaction that benefits others but
has the potential to decrease the lifetime
reproductive success of the member
exhibiting the behavior:
A altruism
B associative learning
C
imprinting
C
imprinting
D
communication
D
communication
E pheromone
E pheromone
F inclusive fitness
F inclusive fitness
G territoriality
G territoriality
H
H
sexual selection
sexual selection
I learning
I learning
J fitness
J fitness
May 07, 2011
44 Signal by a sender that may influence
the behavior of a receiver:
A altruism
B associative learning
C
imprinting
D
communication
E pheromone
F inclusive fitness
G territoriality
H
sexual selection
I learning
J fitness
t
the end
45 Put the following in the correct
sequence: (?) bee dance (?) aphids
releasing an alarm pheromone, (?)
ground squirrels giving an alarm call to
warn others, (?) male peacocks exhibit
an elaborate display of feathers to
attract females. You need four numbers
in the right order:
1. chemical communication
2. auditory communication
3. visual communication
4. tactile communication