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Environmental Science Unit 1 Review Guide Name ________________________________________ Test Date: ______________________________________ Nutrient Cycles Define: Water cycle Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Phosphorous Cycle • Describe the process of how each cycle keeps cycling. • Explain what a carbon sink is and what happens there. • Which cycles are closed cycles and why might it be important to be more sustaninable? • What are greenhouse gases? • What do they do the environment? Atmosphere (ozone layer)? FC/FW Define: Producer Autotroph Consumer Herbivores Omnivores Carnivores Decomposer Energy transfer • Describe the difference between food chains and food webs. • Where do all food chains and food webs begin? • Where does the energy come from? Name the process. • How does energy transfer happen? • Why are decomposers important to an ecosystem? • Determine organisms trophic level by looking at a food chain and food web. Biomes Define: Abiotic Biotic Biosphere Habitat Community Niche Population • Identify the difference between an aquatic versus terrestrial biome. • Look at the Biome matrix/chart you completed for the Biome notes. Be able to explain the major threats for each biome, and common characteristics of each biome. • What affect do mountains have on the amount of rainfall? • What are factors that affect where you might find biome distribution? Predator-Prey Define: Predator Prey • Why are predators larger than prey? • Describe effects of taking predators out of an ecosystem. • List the tactics of a predator. • List the tactics of a prey. • Name a predator that has been reintroduced successfully and explain how why it was successful. Native vs Invasive Species Define: Native Invasive Biodiversity • What might cause the loss of biodiversity? • What are ways to improve biodiversity? • (Page 49 of workbook) Explain range of tolerance. Describe where you might find the greatest diversity and where you might find an overabundance of resources. • List 3 invasive species and how they have affected an ecosystem. • What measures have humans taken to