Download Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System

Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular System: The Heart
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Describe the location of the heart in the body
and identify its major anatomical areas
on an appropriate model or diagram.
Trace the pathway of blood through the heart.
Compare the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
Explain the operation of the heart valves.
Name the functional blood supply of the heart.
Name the elements of the intrinsic conduction
system of the heart and describe the pathway
of impulses through this system.
Define systole, diastole, stroke volume,
and cardiac cycle.
Define heart sounds and murmur.
Explain what information can be gained from an electrocardiogram.
Describe the effect of the following on heart rate:
stimulation by the vagus nerve, exercise, epinephrine, and various ions.
Blood Vessels
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Compare and contrast the structure and function of
arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Identify the body's major arteries and veins and
name the body region supplied by each.
Discuss the unique features of special circulations of
the body: arterial circulation of the brain, hepatic
portal circulation, and fetal circulation.
Define blood pressure and pulse and name several pulse points.
List factors affecting and/or determining blood pressure.
Define hypertension and atherosclerosis
and describe possible health consequences of these conditions.
Describe the exchanges that occur across capillary walls.
Developmental Aspects of the Cardiovascular System
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Describe briefly the development of the organs of
the cardiovascular system.
Name the fetal vascular modifications, or
"fetal shunts," and describe their function before birth.
Explain how regular exercise and a diet low in
fats and cholesterol may help maintain cardiovascular health.
Chapter 11 - The Cardiovascular System
I.
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: THE HEART (pp. 328-339)
A.
Anatomy of the Heart (pp. 328-334)
1.
Location and Size
2.
3.
Coverings and Wall
a.
Pericardium
b.
Epicardium
c.
Myocardium
d.
Endocardium
Chambers and Associated Vessels
a.
Atria
4.
b.
Ventricles
c.
Superior/Inferior Venae Cavae
d.
Pulmonary Arteries
e.
Pulmonary Veins
f.
Aorta
Valves
a.
Atrioventricular (AV) Valves
b.
i.
Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
ii.
Tricuspid Valve
Semilunar Valves
i.
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
ii.
Aortic Semilunar Valve
5.
B.
Coronary Circulation
Physiology of the Heart (pp. 334-339)
1.
Conduction System of the Heart
a.
Nerves of the Autonomic Nervous System+
b.
Intrinsic Conduction System (Nodal System)
i.
Sinoatrial (SA) Node (Pacemaker)
ii.
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
iii.
Atrioventricular Bundle (Bundle of His)
iv.
Bundle Branches
v.
2.
3.
II.
Purkinje Fibers
Cardiac Cycle and Heart Sounds
a.
Mid-to-Late Diastole
b.
Ventricular Systole
c.
Early Diastole
Cardiac Output
a.
Regulation of Stroke Volume
b.
Regulation of Heart Rate
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: BLOOD VESSELS (pp. 339-360)
A.
Microscopic Anatomy of Blood Vessels (pp. 341-342)
1.
Tunics
a.
Tunica Intima
b.
Tunica Media
c.
Tunica Externa
2.
Structural Differences between Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
3.
Movement of Blood through Blood Vessels
4.
Capillary Beds
a.
B.
Capillary Exchange
Gross Anatomy of Blood Vessels (pp. 344-351)
1.
Major Arteries of the Systemic Circulation
2.
C.
Special Circulations
a.
Hepatic Portal Circulation
b.
Fetal Circulation
Physiology of Circulation (pp. 351-360)
1.
Arterial Pulse
2.
Blood Pressure
a.
b.
Blood Pressure Gradient
Measuring Blood Pressure
c.
d.
III.
Effects of Various Factors on Blood Pressure
i.
Neural Factors: The Autonomic Nervous System
ii.
Renal Factors: The Kidneys
iii.
Temperature
iv.
Chemicals
v.
Diet
Variations in Blood Pressure
DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (p.
360)