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Transcript
TEACHERGUIDE DissectiononDemand:TheHeart 60MinuteHealthLesson Science-to-Go!Program Grades: 6 – 1 2 DissectiononDemand:TheHeart Description Theheartkeepstheentirebodynourished withoxygenandnutrients,buthowmuchdo youreallyknowaboutthisvitalorgan?Heart diseaseisthenumberonecauseofmortality intheUnitedStates!Thisprogramwillstress theimportanceofthecardiovascularsystem, whilehighlightingwaystokeepithealthy.This dissectionofapreservedsheepheartisan engagingwaytoreviewcardiacanatomy, function,andcoronarydiseases.Realhuman specimenswillbedisplayedforcomparison withanimalsamples. Objectives • Identifyheartanatomyandphysiology. • Practicesafedissectiontechniqueswith professionalinstruments. • Compareanimalheartanatomytothat ofpreservedhumanspecimens. • Discusswaystokeepthecardiovascular systemsafeandhealthy. • Studentswilltesttheirown cardiovascularfunctionswithclassroom activities. Ohio’sLearningStandards Grade6:LifeScience-CellulartoMulticellular • Cellsarethefundamentalunitoflife. • Cellscarryonspecificfunctionsthatsustainlife. • Livingsystemsatalllevelsoforganizationdemonstratethecomplementarynatureof structureandfunction. HighSchool:Biology:Cells • Cellularprocesses(characteristicsofliferegulatedbycellularprocesses). NationalHealthEducationStandards Grade6-8:Standard1 • Studentswillcomprehendconceptsrelatedtohealthpromotionanddisease preventiontoenhancehealth. Grades9-12:Standard1 • Studentswillcomprehendconceptsrelatedtohealthpromotionanddisease preventiontoenhancehealth. HowtoSetUpYourRoom • • • • • Pleasehavestudentdesksclearbeforetheprogrambegins. Pleaseprovideanemptydeskorsmalltableforthemuseumeducatortosetupdisplayitems. UsethevocabularyandadditionalresourcesprovidedinthisTeacherGuidetopreviewor reviewprogramcontentwithyourclass. Ifbookingmultipleprograms,transitionswillbeeasierifmuseumstaffsetsupinonlyone location. TheMuseumwillprovideallmaterialsfordissection. Vocabulary aorta-thelargestarteryofthebody,sendingbloodfromthehearttotherestofthebody. atrium(atria)-thesuperiorchambersoftheheart,receivingbloodfromveinsandsendingblood downtotheventricles. artery-amuscularbloodvesselthattakesbloodawayfromtheheart. blood-afluidtissuethattransportsvitalcomponentsthroughoutanorganism. bloodpressure-theamountofforcethatisexertedonabloodvesselwallbyblood. capillary-thesmallestbloodvesselsinthebody,wheremicroscopiccomponentsaretransferred betweenthebloodandthebody’scells. cardiacmuscle-aspecialtypeofstriatedmusclefoundintheheartthatisabletocoordinate regularrhythmiccontractionsthroughelectrochemicalsignals. cardiovascular(circulatory)system-thesystemofthebodycomposedoftheheartandblood vessels,meantodelivervitalcomponenttoandfromallthecellsofthebody. cell-thesmallestunitoflifeinalllivingorganisms. chamber-alargecompartmentwithintheheart-mammalheartsarecomposedoffour chambers-twoatriaandtwoventricles. cholesterol-abiochemicalcomponentthatisvitaltomanystructuresinanimalcells,butcanalso createplaqueinmajorarteriesleadingtorestrictionofbloodflowtoendorgans. coronaryartery-arteriesbranchingfromtheaortathatfeedthecellsoftheheart. heart-amuscularorganthatpumpsbloodthroughthelungsandtotherestofthebody. heartattack-damagetotheheartduetolowoxygenation,usuallyfrompoorbloodflowfroma diseasedcoronaryartery. heartrate-howfrequentlyaheartbeatsperminute. hypertension-havingbloodpressurethatistoohigh,whichisariskfactorforheartdisease, strokesandothervascularpathologies. hypotension-havingbloodpressurethatistoolow,whichcanresultinendorgansbeing deprivedofoxygenandothervitalcomponents. lungs-organsthatprovideairexchangefortheblood. muscle-acontractiletissuethatprovidesthecapabilityofmovement. oxygen-agasthatisrequiredinanimalsforcellularrespirationtomakeenergy. plaque-ablockageontheinnerlininofarterialwallsthatcanpreventbloodflowtoendorgans. pulse-aregularbeatthatcanbefeltontheheartoritsarteries. valve-aflapthatallowsone-waymovementofafluidsuchasbloodthroughtheheartorveins. venacava-thelargestveinsofthebody,returningbloodfromthebodyandheadtotheheart. ventricle-theinferiormuscularchambersofaheatthatareusedtopumpbloodthougharteries. ExtensionActivities 1) HeartRateStudies.Studentscanmeasuretheirrestingheartrates(countthenumberof beats in one minute) and take a class average. Try experiments to see how different situation affect heart rate- exercise (try more than one kind!), lying down, meditation, reading,eating,etc.Doestimeofdayaffectheartrate?Dothestudents’heartratesdiffer fromtheirparentsorteachers? 2) FamilyHistory&RiskFactors a. Discusswiththeclassvariousriskfactorsthatareassociatedwithheartdisease. b. Ask for student volunteers who are comfortable with the topic to research if anyoneintheirfamilyhashadaheartattackorastroke,andifthoseindividuals engagedinanyriskfactorsdiscussedwiththeclass. c. Use the volunteers’ research to decide what percentage of the group has close relatives with these cardiovascular diseases, and how many might be linked to specificbehaviorsand/orchoices. d. Have students’ research ways to reduce risks of coronary disease, and the differencebetweengeneticandenvironmentallylinkedhealthissues. OnlineResourcesforTeachersandStudents Clickthelinkbelowtofindadditionalonlineresourcesforteachersandstudents.Thesewebsites are recommended by our Museum Educators and provide additional content information and somefun,interactiveactivitiestosharewithyourclass. CMNHEducatorsregularlyreviewtheselinksforquality.Webaddressesoftenchangesoplease notifyusifanylinkshaveissues. ClevelandMuseumofNaturalHistoryhttps://cmnh.org/edlinks EducatorResourceCenter(ERC) MaterialsforLoan TheEducatorResourceCenteroffers educatorworkshops,thematicteaching kits,animaldioramas,andmoreforloanto areateachers. ContacttheERCat216-231-2075for informationonindividualorschool membership. VisittheMuseum’sERCwebsiteformore informationonworkshops https://www.cmnh.org/ERC Hours o MondaythroughFriday,1to5PM o Wednesday,1to6PM o Saturday,9AMto2PM Ifyou’reinterestedinadditionalresources besuretocheckoutthefollowingERC materialsorbrowseERCmaterialsonlineat http://cmnh.hosting.l4u.com RelatedERCkitstothistopicinclude: TheBody’sManySystems:Propswithinthis healthkitrevealelementaryconceptsinthe study of the human body, including skeletal/muscular, digestive, respiratory, circulatory,andnervoussystem. Nutrition and You: Get a taste of the MyPlate personal nutrition tool while learning to create healthy meals based on different food groups. Lesson plans include howtoidentifyandinterpretinformationon nutritionlabels.
