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Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
PS Mid Term Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. A measurement that is accurate is one that
a. is as exact as possible.
b. is close to the true value.
c. contains at least four significant figures.
d. contains five decimal places.
2. An object’s volume can be found by dividing its mass by its
a. pressure.
c. density.
b. temperature.
d. weight.
3. Matter is defined as anything that
a. can be seen and touched.
c. can be weighed.
b. has mass and takes up space.
d. contains kinetic energy.
4. Digesting food is an example of
a. physical change.
c. change of state.
b. chemical change.
d. buoyancy.
5. Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?
a. reactivity with oxygen
c. density
b. solubility in water
d. color
6. Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
a. dissolving salt in water
c. burning wood into charcoal
b. cooking an egg
d. rusting iron
7. The change of a substance from a solid directly to a gas is called
a. condensation.
c. melting.
b. evaporation.
d. sublimation.
8. Pressure is calculated by dividing force by the _____ over which the force is exerted.
a. mass
c. volume
b. area
d. None of the above
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9. All matter is made of atoms and molecules that are
a. always fixed in position.
c. moving in the same direction.
b. always in motion.
d. moving slowly.
____ 10. As the pressure of a moving liquid increases, its speed
a. decreases.
c. increases.
b. stays the same.
d. varies.
____ 11. A state of matter that is not a fluid is
a. water.
c. liquid.
b. gas.
d. solid.
____ 12. Dalton’s atomic theory was accepted because
a. there was evidence to support it.
b. Democritus said that it was correct.
c. Dalton invented the electron microscope.
d. Dalton showed how molecules are formed.
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ID: A
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 13. Thomson made his discovery about the atom during an experiment using
a. thermal energy.
c. cathode rays
b. kinetic energy.
d. X rays.
____ 14. In _____ atomic model, negative electrons orbit the positively charged nucleus.
a. Dalton’s
c. Rutherford’s
b. Thomson’s
d. Democritus’s
____ 15. What is the mass of 2.5 mol of Ca, which has a molar mass of 40 g/mol?
a. 2.5 g Ca
c. 40.0 g Ca
b. 20.0 g Ca
d. 100.0 g Ca
____ 16. An electron jumps to a new energy level when
a. the atom becomes charged.
b. the atom becomes unstable.
c. the electron’s location is pinpointed.
d. the atom gains or loses energy.
____ 17. Which of the following statements about the modern model of the atom is true?
a. Electrons can be found between energy levels.
b. It is possible to find electrons in an atom.
c. Electrons can only be found in certain energy levels.
d. Electrons orbit the nucleus along definite paths.
____ 18. As you move from up to down in a column of the periodic table, elements have
a. fewer protons.
c. a higher atomic number.
b. a lower atomic number.
d. a higher group number.
____ 19. Elements that belong to the same group have the same number of
a. valence electrons.
c. inner electrons.
b. neutral electrons.
d. total electrons.
____ 20. The three main groups of elements are metals, nonmetals, and
a. inert gases.
c. radioactive isotopes.
b. alkali metals.
d. semiconductors.
____ 21. Ionization refers to the process of
a. changing from one period to another.
c. turning lithium into fluorine.
b. losing or gaining protons.
d. losing or gaining electrons.
____ 22. Alcohols are organic compounds that contain
a. carbon and oxygen only.
c. carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
b. carbon and hydrogen only.
d. carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen.
____ 23. The covalent compound N2O5 would be named
a. nitrogen oxide.
c. nitrogen pentoxide.
b. dinitrogen oxide.
d. dinitrogen pentoxide.
____ 24. Polymers are large organic molecules that are made of
a. cations.
c. carbon and oxygen only.
b. anions.
d. repeating units.
____ 25. The name dinitrogen tetroxide tells you that this compound contains
a. 2 N atoms and 2 O atoms.
c. 2 N atoms and 4 O atoms.
b. 4 N atoms and 2 O atoms.
d. 4 N atoms and 4 O atoms.
____ 26. Which of these represents the release of chemical energy?
a. pouring gasoline into a tank
c. a toy car running down a ramp
b. burning charcoal in a grill
d. warming food in a microwave
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 27. All of these are likely to speed up the rate of a reaction except
a. decreasing the surface area.
c. increasing the temperature.
b. increasing the pressure.
d. adding a catalyst.
____ 28. The energy source in photosynthesis is
a. light energy.
c. heat energy.
b. chemical energy.
d. kinetic energy.
____ 29. In the reaction 2H2O → 2H2 + O2, if you start with 2 mol of water, how many moles of hydrogen gas are
produced?
a. 1 mol
c. 3 mol
b. 2 mol
d. 4 mol
____ 30. What is the relationship between chemical equilibrium and the rates of forward and reverse reaction?
a. In equilibrium, the forward reaction rate must be greater than the reverse reaction rate.
b. In equilibrium, the forward reaction rate must be less than the reverse reaction rate.
c. In equilibrium, the forward and reverse reaction rates must be equal.
d. In equilibrium, both forward and reverse reactions must stop.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. halogens
d. semiconductors
b. alkaline-earth metals
e. alkali metals
c. transition metals
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31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals
reactive elements of Group 17 that are poor conductors
highly reactive elements that belong to Group 1
elements that belong to Groups 3-12 and are somewhat reactive
Group 2 elements that have two valence electrons
Match each item to the correct statement below.
a. synthesis reaction
d.
b. decomposition reaction
e.
c. combustion reaction
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36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
single-displacement reaction
double-displacement reaction
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
2NH3 → N2 + 3H2
2NaCl + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2HCl
Fe + S → FeS
2Li + 2H2O → 2LiOH + H2
Essay
41. Explain how isotopes affect an element’s average atomic mass.
42.
Explain the major differences between Bohr’s model of the atom and the modern model.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
43. When titanium bonds with oxygen, the ionic compound that forms has the chemical formula Ti2O3 and
consists of Ti3+ ions and O2− ions. Explain why the compound has this chemical formula.
44. Why does carbon form the basis for so many different kinds of compounds?
45. Give at least two examples of how the chemical structure of a compound affects its properties.
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