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MAGNETIC FORCE Firdiana Sanjana (4201414050) Ana Alina (4201414095) Right-hand rule The force on a charged particle in a magnetic field Magnetic Force Acting on a Current-Carrying Conductor The Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors RIGHT-HAND RULE The thumb the vector v Your fingers B Your palm The force FB on a positive charge AGREEMENT OF B DIRECTION B directed out of the page DIRECTION OF B B directed into the page THE FORCE ON A CHARGED PARTICLE IN A MAGNETIC FIELD Experiments on various charged par ticles moving in a magnetic field give the following results: The magnitude F B of the magnetic force exer ted on the par ticle is propor tional to the charge q and to the speed v of the par ticle. The magnitude and direction of F B depend on the velocity of the par ticle and on the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field B. When a charged par ticle moves parallel to the magnetic field vector, the magnetic force acting on the par ticle is zero. …. When the par ticle’s velocity vector makes any angle ≠ 0 with the magnetic field, the magnetic force acts in a direction perpendicular to both v and B; that is, F B is perpendicular to the plane formed by v and B The magnetic force exer ted on a positive charge is in the direction opposite the direction of the magnetic force exer ted on a negative charge moving in the same direction The magnitude of the magnetic force exer ted on the moving par ticle is propor tional to sin 𝜃 , where 𝜃 is the angle the par ticle’s velocity vector makes with the direction of B. … MAGNETIC FORCE ACTING ON A CURRENT-CARRYING CONDUCTOR …. THE MAGNETIC FORCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL CONDUCTORS Parallel conductor s carr ying currents in the same direction attract each other, and parallel conductor s carr ying currents in opposite directions repel each other. …. TORQUE ON A CURRENT LOOP IN A UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD For the magnetic field is parallel to the plane of the loop Torque on a Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic Field For the uniform magnetic field makes an angle 𝜃 <90° with a line perpendicular to the plane of the loop Torque on a Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic Field Although we obtained the torque for a particular orientation of B with respect to the loop, the equation 𝜏 = 𝜇 x B is valid for any orientation. Furthermore, although we derived the torque expression for a rectangular loop, the result is valid for a loop of any shape. If a coil consists of N turns of wire, each carrying the same current and enclosing the same area, the total magnetic dipole moment of the coil is N times the magnetic dipole moment for one turn. The potential energy of a system of a magnetic dipole in a magnetic field depends on the orientation of the dipole in the magnetic field and is given by MOTION OF A CHARGED PARTICLE IN A UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD The particle moves in a circle because the magnetic force F B is perpendicular to v and B and has a constant magnitude qvB. As Figure illustrates, the rotation is counterclockwise for a positive charge. If q were negative, the rotation would be clockwise. THE CYCLOTRON A cyclotron is a device that can accelerate charged particles to very high speeds. The energetic particles produced are used to bombard atomic nuclei and thereby produce nuclear reactions of interest to researchers. A cyclotron consists of an ion source at P, two dees D1 and D2 across which an alternating potential difference is applied, and a uniform magnetic field.(The south pole of the magnet is not shown.) The red dashed curved lines represent the path of the particles. THE HALL EFFECT When a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, a potential difference is generated in a direction perpendicular to both the current and the magnetic field.This phenomenon is known as the Hall effect. THE HALL EFFECT ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU QUESTION