Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Photosynthesis wikipedia , lookup
Evolution of metal ions in biological systems wikipedia , lookup
Proteolysis wikipedia , lookup
Oxidative phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup
Photosynthetic reaction centre wikipedia , lookup
Isotopic labeling wikipedia , lookup
Metalloprotein wikipedia , lookup
2.1 The Nature of Matter • LT: Today I will… – Identify the three subatomic particles found in atoms – Describe the two main types of chemical bonds Word Atom Nucleus Electron Proton Element Compound Ionic bond Covalent bond Valence electrons FQ: What are atoms and what are they made of? ET: take out your vocabulary flipper from Friday. Review all the terms. Atoms: Smallest building blocks of matter • Atoms are the building blocks of elements. They are made of 3 subatomic particles – Protons – Neutrons – Electrons Sub-Atomic Particles Elements and Compounds Elements • Pure substances composed of only one type of atom Compounds • Pure substances composed of two or more elements, chemically combined, in a set ratio/proportion. Valence Electrons • Electrons located in an atoms outermost “shell” that are used to bond with other atoms • Bonds can be with atoms of the same element like O2 or can be with other elements like CO2 Chemical Bonds • Ionic Bonds: Give or take electrons Chemical Bonds • Covalent bonds share electrons EXIT TICKET • Draw a basic atom and include the following – The 3 different sub-atomic particles – The charges next to those particles Note: the number of each does not matter Homework • Read section 2.3 • Take notes on the following – What is a… • • • • Protein Carbohydrate Lipid Nucleic acid Friday 11/11 - 2.2 Properties of Water • LT: Today I will… – Explain polarity – Explain what makes a water molecule polar • ET: What is responsible for the making and breaking of chemical bonds? Please explain your answer Your POGIL is your notes for this section and should be in your notebook 2.3 – Carbon (organic) Compounds • Lt: Today I will… – Describe the unique qualities of carbon – Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules • ET: What elements does carbon bond with that make up life’s molecules? Why Carbon? • 4 valence electrons – easily forms covalent bonds with other elements • Bonds with other carbons • Can form large complex structures Macromolecules (large molecules) Carbohydrates • The main source of energy for living things – Monomer: Monosaccharide ex. Glucose – Polymer: Polysaccharide ex. Starch • Store energy, biological membranes, waterproof coverings Lipids – Monomers: Glycerol and Fatty acids – Polymers: Triglycerides • Saturated VS. Unsaturated Fats Nucleic Acids • Store and transmit hereditary, or genetic, information (DNA). – Monomer: Nucleotide – Polymer: DNA Proteins • Proteins control the rates of reactions, regulate cell processes, and transport substances into or out of the cell – Ex. Enzymes are proteins that do “stuff” – Monomer: Amino Acids – Polymers: Polypeptides (peptide bonds) In your body… Enzymes and Chemical reactions • LT: Today I will – Explain why enzymes are important to living things – Identify the parts of a chemical reaction – Explain what chemical reactions do • ET: Get your conclusions out and be prepared to share them. • Write down the following words and leave room to add definitions in your notes – – – – – Activation energy Reactant Product Enzyme Substrate Enzymes: Speed up chemical reactions by reducing the energy needed to start the reaction. (lower the activation energy) Enzyme/Temperature Lab • Will work with a bin at table groups *except hot plate groups • Clean up: rinse out graduated cylinders in the sink • Safety: goggles Enzyme Structure Quiz Tomorrow on organic compounds and enzymes Chemical Reactions • Produce new substances by rearranging atoms • Parts of a chemical reaction = Reactants and Products NA + Cl NaCl Sugar + flour + eggs Homeostasis • Maintaining a constant internal environment • How does your body do this? • It uses a process called FEEDBACK – 2 types of feedback are 1. Negative – works to maintain a baseline level ex. Your every day stuff like maintaining temperature 2. Positive – works to push way passed a baseline level ex. Rarer events like child birth Lab Question: At what temperature does the enzyme catalase work best? • The reaction • Why? Our cells produce a lot of this when they are carryout regular cellular function as a waste product so we have to get rid of it