Download PLSC 210-Horticulture Science

Name_______________________________
PLSC 210-Horticulture Science
Examination I
September 25, 2002
1. Which of the following defines “horticulture” best?
a.
b.
c.
d.
the art and science of growing trees and shrubs.
the art and science of growing field crops.
the art and science of growing native plants.
the art and science of growing so-called garden crops.
2. The name “horticulture” was derived from Latin words hortus (garden) and cultura (culture).
This terminology was already in use during the 1st century.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Both statements are true.
The first statement is true and the second statement is wrong.
The first statement is wrong and the second statement is true.
Both statements are wrong.
3. Pomology deals with the culture of:
a.
b.
c.
d.
flowers.
herbs.
fruit crops.
cereal crops.
4. Olericulture deals with culture of:
a.
b.
c.
d.
herbs.
flowers.
vegetables.
fruit crops.
5. How does a deciduous tree drop its leaves at the approach of winter?
a.
b.
c.
d.
By absorbing an excess amount of water and transporting it to the leaves.
By blocking water uptake through root hairs.
By developing an abscission layer at the base of leaf petioles.
By supercooling the leaf tissues at freezing.
6. Indicate cool-season (CS) or warm-season (WS) crops for following plants:
a.
c.
Cabbage ____________
Eggplant ____________
b.
d.
Tomato ____________
Broccoli ____________
1
7. List five different groups of floricultural crops:
a. _____________________
c. _____________________
e. _____________________
b. ______________________
d. ______________________
8. Which of the following plants is a liana?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pine
Oak
Wisteria
American elm
9. Match the following plants with their growth characteristics:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Halophyte
Glycophyte
Xerophyte
Acid-loving plant
Shade plant
_____ tolerant to low pH soils
_____ prefers dry climate
_____ prefers fresh water
_____ susceptible to high light conditions
_____ tolerant to salty soil
10. ______ is the site of photosynthesis in the cytoplasm.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Vacuole
11. Intercalary meristems are found in:
a.
b.
c.
d.
monocots like turfgrasses.
dicots like watermelon and petunia.
tropical fruits.
woody plants.
12. What is meant by a sport?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
13. List names of five plant families that are horticulturally important:
a._____________________________
c._____________________________
e._____________________________
b.___________________________
d.___________________________
2
14. Name the Swedish botanist who perfected the plant classification system.
___________________________________
15. Photosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasmic body called (_____ mitochondria,
_____chloroplast), while respiration occurs in (_____ mitochondria, _____chloroplast).
(check the correct terms.)
16. Which of the following is the correct nomenclature for “Crimson Sweet” watermelon?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Citrullus vulgaris cv. ‘Crimson Sweet’
Citrullus vulgaris ‘Crimson Sweet’
Citrullus vulgaris var. ‘Crimson Sweet’
Citrullus vulgaris var. Crimson Sweet
17. A clonal cultivar is propagated by seed.
a.
b.
True
False
18. The seed coat tissues of stone fruits such as peach and apricot are usually made up of:
a.
b.
c.
d.
parenchyma cells.
collenchyma cells.
meristematic cells.
sclerenchyma cells.
19. Which of the following cytoplasmic components is used mainly for storage of excess salts,
sugar, and starch?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Nucleus.
Mitochondria.
Vacuole.
Chloroplast.
20. The companion cells are found in the phloem tissue.
a.
b.
True
False
21. Palisade cells are found on the _____________ side of the leaf, while sponge mesophyll
cells are found on the _____________ side of the leaf.
a.
b.
abaxial
adaxial
3
22. Stomates are usually found on the adaxial surface of the leaf.
a.
b.
True
False
23. Calyx, as found in carnation, is a modification of _______ which are connected together to
form a cup-like structure.
a.
b.
c.
d.
sepals
petals
anthers
leaves
24. _______ is an enlarged portion of an underground stem.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Corm
Bulb
Tuber
Rhizome
25. An elongated horizontal stem that lies on the ground is called as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
stolon.
rhizome.
tuber.
spur.
26. Name different parts of a perfect flower as shown:
a. ___________________
b. ___________________
c. ___________________
d. ___________________
e.____________________
f.____________________
g. ___________________
4
27. Peduncles are found on solitary flowers.
a.
b.
True
False
28. Identify the names of common inflorescences:
a
b
f
____ panicle
____ raceme
c
d
g
_____ umbel
_____ spike
h
_____ cyme
_____ corymb
_____ head
29. Match the following fruit types with crops commonly grown:
____ Aggregate fruit
____ Multiple fruit
____ Pepo
____ Hesperidium
____ Pome
____ Berry
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Tomato
Pineapple
Orange
Apple
Strawberry
Squash
30. Which of the following is not a part of an embryo?
a.
c.
Plumule
Radicle
b.
d.
Embryo axis
Endosperm
5
31. Match the following terms with correct types of flower sex expression in plants:
____ Monoecious
____ Dioecious
____ Andromonoecious
____ Gynomonoecious
____ Trimonoecious
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Male and perfect flowers on the same plant
Female and perfect flowers on the same plant
Male, female, and perfect flowers on the same plant
Male and female flowers on separate plants
Male and female flowers on the same plant
32. On the evolutionary ladder, dioecious species are believed to be more advanced than those
having hermaphroditic flower sex expression in angiosperms.
a.
b.
True
False
33. Match the following terms with chemical equations shown below:
_____
_____
Respiration
Photosynthesis
a.
6 CO2 + 12 H2O + energy ---------------<
(carbon (water)
dioxide)
b.
C6H12O6 + 6 O2
(sugar) (oxygen)
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
(sugar) (oxygen) (water)
-----------------------< 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + energy
(carbon (water)
dioxide)
34. Which of the following does not occur during the light phase of photosynthesis?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cleavage of water (H2O) into oxygen (O2), hydrogen ion (H+), and electron (e-) by
photolysis.
Production of NADPH2 from NADP using hydrogen ion (H+) produced by the above
reaction (a)
Conversion of ADP to ATP using the energy produced in a above
Production of fructose and glucose by Calvin Cycle
35. The first product of carbon dioxide fixation in the Calvin Cycle is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Oxaloacetate (C4)
Malate (C4)
Pyruvate (C3)
3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (3-PGA, C3)
6
36. Which of the following is a C4 plant?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Tomato
Corn
Apple
Soybean
37. Photorespiration occurs in C4 plants, but not in C3 plants.
a.
b.
True
False
38. Define “carbon dioxide compensation point:”
__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
39. In general, the C3 plants have (___ lower, ____ higher) carbon dioxide (CO2) compensation
points than the C4 plants. (check one.)
40. List six macronutrient elements:
a. __________
e. __________
b.___________ c.___________
f. ___________
d.______________
41. List seven micronutrient elements:
a. __________
e. __________
b.___________ c.___________ d.______________
f. ___________ g.___________
42. _________ plants are incapable of manufacturing their own food:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Heterotropic
Autotropic
Epiphytic
Native
43. The movement of organic solutes (molecules) from a region of high concentration to the
region of low concentration is referred as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
osmosis.
diffusion.
translocation.
transpiration.
7
44. The process by which water vapor escapes from the leaf through stomata is called:
a.
b.
c.
d.
osmosis.
diffusion.
translocation.
transpiration.
45. Which of the following statements is not true about the rate of respiration from stored
produce or flowers?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The rate of respiration doubles when temperature rises 10 oC.
The rate of respiration can be reduced by increasing oxygen (O2) concentration in the
air.
The rate of respiration can be reduced by increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration
in the air.
The rate of respiration can be reduced under a hypobaric condition.
46. Anabolism is a synthesis process of organic compounds.
a.
b.
True
False
47. Sucrose (C12) is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
a monosaccharade
a disaccharide.
an olygosaccharide.
polysaccharide.
48. Differentiation refers to differential cell and tissue growth to form specific organs on the
plant. Differentiation occurs in an orderly and systematic fashion by meiotic (reproductive)
cell division.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Both statements are true.
The first statement is true and the second statement is wrong.
The first statement is wrong and the second statement is true.
Both statements are wrong.
49. Phototropism, bending of shoots toward a light source, is caused by:
a.
b.
c.
d.
destruction of auxin on one side of the shoot that is exposed to light.
accumulation of auxin on one side of the shoot that is exposed to light.
destruction of auxin on one side of the shoot that is shaded.
accumulation of auxin on both the lighted and shaded sides of the shoot.
8
50. The site of auxin synthesis in plants is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stem internode
Stem apex
Root
Xylem
Bonus Question (3 points)
Make a question of your own from subjects you have studied but was not covered in this
exam and answer it correctly.
Honor Pledge:
Upon my honor I have neither given nor received aid in writing this
examination.
Signed______________________________
9