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Student Edition Lesson: Parts of Sentence Overview Level 1, Unit 1 Learning Target • Review, identify, and use the parts of sentences. To understand English grammar, you need to understand basic sentence structure. In English, complete sentences are made up of at least one independent clause. An independent clause contains both a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought. Sentences may also contain objects, modifiers, and other parts of sentences. Basic Parts of Sentences Examples Subject usually a noun or pronoun; tells who or what the sentence is about or who is performing the action expressed by the verb (boldface words are subjects) a verb; tells what the subject is doing or expresses a state of being (boldface words are verbs) Verb Object Complement Modifier usually a noun or pronoun; receives the action of a verb, tells who or what receives the action of a verb usually a noun or adjective; completes the meaning of a linking verb such as is, were, or seems; identifies or modifies the subject of a linking verb usually an adjective or adverb or a phrase or clause acting as an adjective or adverb; modifies or describes other parts of the sentence 2014c. All Rights Reserved. The College Board Isabella knows the answer. Does the cat like your dog? The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is my favorite book. Isabella knows the answer. Does the cat like your dog? The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is my favorite book. (boldface words are objects) Isabella knows the answer. Does the cat like your dog? (boldface words are complements) The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is my favorite book. It is fascinating. (boldface words are modifiers) high school senior, angry orangutan, left hurriedly, turned to the right Page 1 Student Edition Lesson: Parts of Sentence Overview Level 1, Unit 1 Identifying Parts of Sentences The way a word or word group is used determines what part of a sentence it is. Subject: The old well has water in it. (noun telling what the sentence is about and performing the action) Verb: Tears of joy well in his eyes. (verb telling what the subject, Tears, is doing and expressing the action) Object: We saw the well. (noun telling what receives the action of the verb saw) Complement: The oldest structure on the farm is that old well. (noun identifying the subject of the linking verb is) Modifier: We performed well today. (adverb modifying the verb performed) Modifier: She was sick last week but is well now. (adjective modifying the pronoun She) Check Your Understanding Either on your own or with classmates, think of words that can be used as three or more different parts of speech—and therefore different parts of sentences. Think of at least three such words. For each word, write at least three sentences, with the word functioning as a different part of the sentence in each. Identify the word’s function (sentence part) in each sentence. EXAMPLE: run Subject: Our run today was long and difficult. Verb: How fast can you run to the corner and back? Object: I am going to shorten the run by a mile. Complement: The best part of my day is my morning run. Modifier (adjective): The show’s run time is 42 minutes. 2014c. All Rights Reserved. The College Board Page 2