Download Key Concept 5.2 Relevance: (Imperialism and Nation State

Key Concept 5.2 Relevance: (Imperialism and Nation State Formation)
A. Examples of states with existing colonies that strengthened control over
those colonies (British in India/ Dutch in Indonesia)
B. Examples of European States that established empires (while Spanish
and Portuguese influence declined)
(British/Dutch/French/German/Russian)
C. Examples of European states that used both diplomacy and warfare to
establish empires in Africa
(Britain in West Africa/ Belgium in the Congo)
D. Examples of Europeans who established settler colonies
(British in southern Africa/Australia/New Zealand)
(French in Algeria)
E. Examples of Industrialized states practicing economic imperialism
(British and French expanding their influence in China
through the Opium Wars)
(British and US investing heavily in Latin America)
OUR SCHOOL WEB PAGE! UNDER “AP WORLD Review” tab….
Key Concepts Study Guides for each time period: USE THEM!
2. Using your knowledge of world history, analyze continuities and changes
in social and political conditions in South Asia during the 20th century.
(Historical thinking skill: Continuity and Change Over Time)
3. Using your knowledge of world history, analyze continuities and changes in
social and political conditions in the Middle East during the 20th century.
(Historical thinking skill: Continuity and Change Over Time)
Territorial
Changes
After the
Great War
Balfour Declaration 1917?
1922
Conflict with Israel
After 1948, most Middle East countries refused to accept Israel’s right to exist
Series of wars = Israel controlled more land than in 1948
1967= Six Day War (Israel took control of Gaza, Golan Heights, Sinai
Peninsula, East and West Jerusalem
Until late 1970s, NO Arab nation recognized Israel’s right to
exist…
October 6, 1981
March 9, 1992
Camp David Accords 1978
The main features of the agreement were the mutual recognition of each
country by the other, the cessation of the state of war that had existed since the
1948 Arab-Israeli War, and the complete withdrawal by Israel of its armed
forces and civilians from the rest of the Sinai Peninsula which Israel had
captured during the 1967 Six-Day War
( Sadat/ Begin = Nobel Peace Prize 1978)
Yassar Arafat (1929-2004)
Established PLO 1964 President Trump?
Intifada 1987
Oslo Peace Accords 1993 (w Itzhak Rabin)
Received Nobel Peace Prize 1994
Second Intifada 2000
President Obama/ Secretary of State Clinton:
renewed interest in peace process 2011
Over 500 Israeli civilians died
in 140 Palestinian suicide
bomb attacks from 2000 to
2007. More than 4,500
Palestinians were killed by
Israeli forces in the same
period.
The British Empire in India
Mughal decline/Aurganzab dies (1707) provided opportunity
for British expansion: created new economic systems that
fostered dependency on the British
After Sepoy Mutiny 1857: DIRECT Rule by the British
Primarily ECONOMIC and POLITICAL: Left Cultural
Traditions intact (Hindu religion, did outlaw sati)
(DID not try to impose Christianity)
C 35: Nationalism and Political Identities in Asia, Africa and Latin America
Global National Identity Crisis: India (Post- WW I)
Promise of self determination was a powerful motivator!
PROBLEM: Quest for independence focused on independence
From British rule BUT was complicated by ethnic differences (Hindus and Muslims).
National railroad led to increased communication, class of educated elite Indians =
REFORM
Indian National Congress 1885, Muslim League 1906
Civil
disobedience
and
non-violence
Road to a SOLUTION:
Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948)
(transformed the Indian National Congress on his return in 1915)
Moral philosophy of tolerance and non-violence (ahimsa)
Passive resistance (satyagraha “truth and firmness”)
Armitsar Massacre 1919
(British killed 379 unarmed protestors)
Non-Cooperation Movement 1920-1922
(boycott of British goods- return to homespun cotton)
Civil Disobedience Movement 1930
(more aggressive- protest on British authority =
The Salt March (240 miles)= led 50,000
to the Sea to make salt illegally
The India Act 1937= autonomous legislatures in Congress/
Control under the British (failed)
Legacies of Imperialism?
Population migration
Increased global trade
Increased global conflict
Increased sense of difference from one culture to another
Increased racism among Europeans, Americans and Japanese
Stimulated anti-colonialism and nationalism in subject lands
From the 20th C onward: much of global history has revolved
around the new world order created by imperialism
and colonialism
Case Study: India
Roy inspired reform societies
(educated Hindu elite)
that emphasized self-government,
or at least greater Indian
participation in government
(followed ideals of Enlightenment)
• a Hindu Reformer
“Father of Modern India”
• supported some British
colonial policies
(end to sati)
Indian National Congress 1885
(founded with British approval)
Openly sought Indian self-rule
Joined with All-India Muslim League 1909
Independence granted in 1947 (GANDHI)
India finally gains independence: 14 August 1947 (secular India/ Muslim Pakistan)