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Download Verb To Be
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TO BE The auxiliary/verb To Be as a verb To Be is mostly used as a verb. It is a verb when it is placed after the subject in a sentence structure: S (subject) V (verb) Richard IS O (object) sick In the preceding case, you can easily see that that to be is placed AFTER the subject making it a verb. Like any other verb, it has a subjectverb agreement. In the preceding case it is the subject, being Richard, can be replaced by the personal pronoun HE. So the subject is 3rd person singular. Richard Richard can be replaced by the personal pronoun HE because it refers to a man 3rd person singular IS sick To BE as a verb So IS is used in this case because it is the proper subject-verb agreement structure. To be as an auxiliary To Be is used as an auxiliary in two (2) ways. Firstly To Be is used as an auxiliary in a compound verb like in the present and past continuous tenses. These compound verbs are formed form an auxiliary (To Be) and an action verb ( ing form). Ex: They ARE RUNNING I AM skating on an ice rink We WERE looking at birds Notice that even in a compound verb, To Be as an auxiliary still has a SUBJECT-VERB agreement Secondly, To Be is used as an auxiliary in yes/no questions. It is placed at the beginning of the question to respect the yes/no question structure A (auxiliary) + S (subject) + V (verb) + rest of question? From an affirmation using to Be as a verb, we simply change to Be from a verb to an auxiliary. In this case there will be NO verb in this form of yes/no question unless the verb in the affirmation is a compound verb Examples of to be as an auxiliary in the simple present and present continuous tenses They ARE they ARE at the museum at the museum ? In this example using the Simple Present tense of To Be, the verb is simply moved from the verb emplacement to the auxiliary emplacement in the structure to form a yes/no question In the case of a compound verb using to be as an auxiliary like in the present and past continuous tenses, only the auxiliary To Be changes place inside the structure. Sam WAS sam Cindy IS Cindy WAS LOOKING looking is looking looking at his wife. at his wife ? at her boyfriend at her boyfriend ? To be in the affirmative form in the Simple Present tense AFFIRMATION I AM YOU ARE HE IS (boy or man) SHE IS (girl or woman) IT IS ( thing or animal ) WE ARE YOU ARE THEY ARE ABREVIATION I’M YOU’RE HE’S SHE’S IT’S WE’RE YOU’RE THEY’RE TO BE in the interrogative form in the simple present tense Interrogative form Am I ________________? ARE YOU_______________? IS HE_________________? IS SHE________________? IS IT________________? ARE WE ___________________? ARE YOU____________________? ARE THEY_____________________? TO BE in the negative form in the simple present tense Negative form I am NOT You are NOT He is NOT She is NOT It is NOT We are NOT You are NOT They are NOT Abbreviated negative form I’m NOT You’re NOT He’s NOT She’s NOT It’s NOT We’re NOT You’re NOT They’re NOT TO BE AFFIRMATIVE FORM IN THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE AFFIRMATION I WAS YOU WERE HE WAS (boy or man) SHE WAS ( girl or woman IT WAS ( thing or animal ) WE WERE YOU WERE THEY WERE To be in the interrogative in the simple past tense Interrogative form WAS I ________________? WERE YOU_______________? WAS HE_________________? WAS SHE________________? WAS IT________________? WERE WE ___________________? WERE YOU____________________? WERE THEY_____________________? Exercise 1 Exercise 2 Exrecise 3 TO BE IN THE NEGATIVE FORM IN THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE Negative form I was NOT You were NOT He was NOT She was NOT It was NOT We were NOT You were NOT They were NOT Abbreviated negative form I wasn’t You weren’t He wasn’t She wasn’t It wasn’t We weren’t You weren’t They weren’t