Download Genetics (Quick Questions) 1. How many chromosomes are there in

Genetics (Quick Questions)
1.
How many chromosomes are there in a body cell?
2.
Where are chromosomes found in body cells?
3.
What are alleles?
4.
What are gametes?
5.
What is mitosis?
6.
What is meiosis?
7.
What is a stem cell?
8.
What is used to represent a dominant allele?
9.
What is used to represent a recessive allele?
10. Name 3 differences between mitosis and meiosis.
11. What is the genotype?
12. What is the phenotype?
13. Give two reasons why people object to stem cell research.
14. Name two examples of inherited diseases.
15. What is a carrier?
16. Why might someone agree to genetic screening for cystic fibrosis but not
for polydactyly?
Enzymes (Quick Answers)
1.
46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
2.
Nucleus
3.
Alleles are different versions of the same gene (i.e. codes for blue or
brown)
Gametes are the sex cells (egg and sperm cells)
4.
5.
7.
Mitosis is the cell division involved in normal body cells and produces two
identical cells.
Meiosis is the cell division involved in making gametes (sperm and egg
cells) and produces 4 cells with half the original number of chromosomes.
A stem cell is a cell that hasn’t differentiated (it is unspecialised).
8.
A capital letter.
9.
A lower case letter.
6.
10. A: Mitosis makes identical copies of cells, meiosis doesn’t.
B: Mitosis involved 1 division of the cell, meiosis involves 2 divisions.
C: Mitosis makes cells containing 46 chromosomes, meiosis makes cells
containing 23 chromosomes.
11. It is how we write the genetic make up of the chromosome pair (e.g. TT or
tt or Tt)
12. Is the physical expression of the gene (e.g. tall or short)
13. Any from: it is playing god, against religious beliefs, economic reasons,
social reasons, people think it is murder (as fertilisation has taken place).
14. Cystic fibrosis (affects the lungs and can kill). Polydactyly (where a
person has more than 5 fingers or toes).
15. A carrier is something who has the recessive gene but also a dominant
gene.
16. Cystic fibrosis is a life threatening disease so screening for it could
reduce the pain and heartache associated with that. Polydactyly is not
life threatening and doesn’t impact on the quality of life of the person so
people are against screening for it in case people decide to abort the
child.