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MEDIA AND PROPAGANDA UNIT III – How Did This Happen? PROPAGANDA Propaganda is biased information intentionally spread to shape public opinion and behavior. STATEMENTS ABOUT PROPAGANDA Propaganda contains true, partially true, or blatantly false information. Propaganda may selectively omit information. Propaganda simplifies complex issues or ideas. Propaganda plays on emotions. Propaganda uses a variety of media (including symbols, images, words, music). Propaganda may be used to advertise a cause, organization, or movement and attack opponents. STATEMENTS ABOUT PROPAGANDA All advertising is propaganda. Propaganda can only be put to negative purposes. Propaganda seeks agreement, not reasoned argument. Propaganda is used to brainwash people. Propaganda works with our conscious and unconscious hopes, fears, and desires. Propaganda gives permission to a targeted audience to think, speak, and act a certain way. STATEMENTS ABOUT PROPAGANDA Propaganda can only be put to negative purposes. STATEMENTS ABOUT PROPAGANDA All advertising is propaganda. Propaganda is an appeal to emotion, not intellect or rational thought, and often contains deception, either outright or by omission and often has longterm effects. Advertising is biased information intentionally spread, but does not (or should not) contain deception and is often an appeal to intellect or rational thought, using persuasion and understanding, producing short-term effects. STATEMENTS ABOUT PROPAGANDA Propaganda is used to brainwash people. Brainwashing: The use of isolation, mind-clouding techniques, sleep deprivation, and malnutrition to persuade someone to completely change personality/thoughts/actions Three stages: Breaking down the self; introducing the possibility of salvation; and rebuilding the self STATEMENTS ABOUT PROPAGANDA “Many psychologists believe that large-scale brainwashing via the mass media and subliminal messages, for instance—is not possible because the thought process requires isolation and absolute dependence of the subject in order to be effective. It’s just not that easy to change a person’s core personality and belief system.” -Julia Layton 1. Who created this message and who was the intended audience? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 2. What is the purpose/ message of this piece of propaganda? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 3. What creative techniques were used to attract and hold attention? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 4. How might different people/ audiences have understood this message differently? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 5. What values, lifestyles, and points of view are represented in this piece? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 6. What is omitted from this message? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 7. Which emotion(s) does this piece target? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 8. What was the cultural context that influenced the attractiveness of this piece of propaganda? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml 8. What was the cultural context that influenced the attractiveness of this piece of propaganda? This image was created in 1938 http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/exh ibit.html#/records/data/records/aryanfamily-neues-volk.xml “The real danger of propaganda lies when competing voices are silenced—and unchecked propaganda can have negative consequences.” -State of Deception website “Propaganda alone cannot win wars or transform thinking human beings into mindless automatons.” -State of Deception website “The Nazis sold more than hate…they promoted an agenda of freedom, unity, and prosperity.” -Sara J. Bloomfield, USHMM Director