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Name: Date: Period: The Dígestíve System Directions: Lobel each of the orgcns of the digestive system using the nomes on the bock of this sheet ond then give o description of whot eoch orgon. Under eoch nqme list ony digestive enzymes present ond the food type they digest. (ìfw)t), \ ûvf\úS @Encho ntedLetr ni ng.co m o Anus: the openingat the end of the digestive system in which the feces exit the body. o Appendix: a small sack located o near the start of the digestive system Esophagus: the long tube connecting the mouth to the stomach: it uses rh¡hmic movements called peristalsis to force the food from the throat into the stomach o Gall bladder: a small sac-like organ located in the duodenum that releases and stores bile (a digestive chemical that is made in the liver) into the small intestines o Large intestines: the long, wide tube that food goes through after goes through the small intestines. it o Liver: alarge organ located above and in front of the stomach. It filters toxins from blood and makes bile( which brakes down fats) and some blood proteins o Mouth: first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body. Chewing and digestive enzymes are the beginning of the digestive process (braking down the food). o Pancreas: an enzyme producing gland located below the stomach and above the intestines. Enzymes from the pancreas help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestines o Rectum: the lower part if the large intestines, where feces are stored before they are extracted from the body. o Small intestines: the long, thin winding tube that food goes through after it leaves the stomach.* o Stomach: a sack like, muscular organ that is attached to the esophagus. When food enters the stomach, it is churned in an acid bath. * , ?6 Na me(s) KEY -áthwav of Digestion-ordering exercise Place the 10 steps in the pathway of digestion in the correct order Undigested liquid food paste has turned into solid waste Food moves into the stomach Food is swallowed and moves through the esophagus Solid waste leaves the body through the anus Food is chewed and mixes with saliva Water is removed from the undigested food Food moves into a long tube called the small intestine Undigested food moves into the large intestine Food is broken down into a liquid paste as it is mixed with acids Nutrients are absorbed into the blood by the villi in the small intestine L. Food is chewed and mixes with saliva 2. Food is swallowed and moves through the esophagus 3. Food moves into the stomach tood is broken down into a liquid paste as it is mixed with acids 5. Food moves into a long tube called the small intestine 6. Nutrients are absorbed into the blood by the villi in the small intestine 7. Undigested food moves into the large intestine 8. Water is removed from the undigested food 9. Undigested liquid food paste has turned into solid waste L0. Solid waste leaves the body through the anus Facts: The esophagus is about 10 inches long Food is moved through the esophagus stomach and intestine through Peristalsis cups of Saliva is produced each day. I.7 Lor 7 About 2 to 6 hours all food is emptied from the stomach into the small intestine 90 % of digestion and absorption takes place in the small intestine 20-23 feet in le ngth and 1 inch in diameter The small intestine is '); feet in length 2.5 inches in diameter and 5 - 6 large intestine is It's function is to absorb water , vitamins . and salts and to eliminate waste Within Over about Name Date Class Note Takin Chapter l5 The Cardiovascular, Respiratofy, and Digestive Systems Lesson 3 The Digestive System Directions: Use the following outline to help organize your notes as you read through the lesson. Food for Thought As you read this lesson, think about how your body processes the food you eat. Tfy to think of the many functions of your digestive system. After you have finished reading the lesson carefully, write a sentence describing the different functions of your digestive system. Key Concept Sample answer; The functíons of the digestiv e svsl.em ínclude dígestion, absorpt¡ol'1, and elinrinatiort. Unscramble each vocabulary term. Then write the clefinitiott of each term. New and Academic Vocabulary l. mastication saipþiecnid apperrdicitis*ìnflammatior¡ of the appendix peristalsis 2. mnoaisttaic n¡astication -- the process of chewíng gastric juices ¿ 3. cpietp ruelc bile f¡eptic ulcer*sores in the lining of the d¡gest¡ve tract 'c peptic rrlcer É 4. spiesrliast peristalsis-a series of involulltary ntuscle conlractions that nlove appendicitis tood through tlte digestive tracl I e 6. ebli s Þ bile*a Vellow-green, bitter lluid imporlant ín the breakdown ancl @ o absorplion ot fats ïtFt 6. cirtsag siciqj gastric juioes -secletior¡s frotr the slotnach lining that coE¡lain hydrochlorìc acid and pepsírr, arl erìzynle that digests proteitr js ô Êt Chapter l5 o t t lJl StudentActíuÛty Workbook 2Ol Name Date What Happens Duríng Digestion I found this infonnation onpage(s) 422 Class Describe what happens to food during digestion. Foorjs are first b¡r¡ken dovrn into a fornr thc l:odv can uso, and an: tlterl atrsûrbed as naurish¡uerrt o¡ elir¡rînated as ç.¡aste" Narne the three main processes that take place cluring digestion and briefly clescribe the function of each. Process l-fow Digestion Works I foun<l lhis infonnation on Page(s) 423-425. Function Dlç¡eslion The mechanical an<i chenrial lrreakdowrt o{ foocls within tlre slomach and intestiìles A[rsorplìon The f:assage of clÍgestcd food froll the digestíve lracI irrto tlrc¡ cr.¡rçJìovascular system Elìminalìon Tlrc expulsicrr of uncfigesicd frrod or l¡ody wastes Describe the two rnechanical and chemical processes involved in digestion. The n'¡eclra¡rical process irrvolves chewìrrg, ntashìng, ánd breaking¡ clowr Tood. 'l-he clle¡r'lical p¡ocess involves secretíons produced by digestive organs List the organs that rnake up the digestive system. Ësopiragus. stornach" ptncreiìs, líver, galltrltdcle6 snrail ìntestìrte. large ìntest¡lle Digestive System Problems I ftruncl tl-ris infc.¡nuation on page(s) 42H28. Name five health behaviors that will help yott nuint¿in a healllty cligestive system. Eat a v;rricly of low-fat, high-fibor foods; wash hirncls belore preparing or eating foodl eat slowly and lood thor0ughly; drìrtk chel I glasse s of rví.rter e very ctay; avoìd using foaci e 'E d a$ a way of dealìng rvìfh ¡¡nrotions E E = G o Identify two categories of cligestive-system problems list several examples of each. t¡ì l. F L o 2. À t! s lJ q¡as, gall slcltles, problerrts-*looiì: rJer:ay, gastlìtis, peptic ',tlcel; [aclose ìnlolemnce, appendicitis. colitiç, culon cat]cel henrorrhoÍcìs, "Structuraì ()r0lìn''s disc :ìriç, uir i I r0 jìs I Chapter 15 StudentActìuity Workbook = t F E o f\¡nctional ¡rroblanrs^*írtrJigcstiott, <;<rttstìpittíutt. ltearthurtr, rinusÊa, c{iarul¡ea +r 2OZ ancl us o Name Class Date Chapter 15 . Lesson 3 The Digestive System Heollh Skills Proclice: Procticing Heolthful Behoviors Relievi ng Gonstipation Directions Some digestive problems couse only minor discomfort. However, if these minor digeslive problems ore ignored, They moy become more serious. Procticing heolthful behoviors con prevent problems from occurring. A heollhy digestive system beginswith heolthful eoling behoviors. Reod the scenorio below ond lhen onswer lhe questions thot follow. Scenario: Lotely, Breono hos suffered from constipotion. This is on embonossing situotion for her. She hos told no one, ond she's uncomfortoble most of the time. She knows ihol the constipolion ls probobly the result of lhe diet she's beenon to lose weight. She rorely eots breokfosi. Her usuol mid-doy meolis o diel sodo ond o few chips. At dinner, Breono usuolly drinks onofher diet sodo ond eols the meol her mother or fother serves. She pushes side dishes like brown rice, vegetobles, ond sliced fruit owoy becouse she considers lhem "corbs" thot will moke her goin weight. She olso wonders if onothersource of the problem is thot she hosn't beendoing much physicoloctivity. Eoting so liltle leoves her feeling tired. The constipotion is worrying her, ond she doesn't know quile whol 1o do oboul it l. Whot is constipotion, ond whot couses it? caused by not drinking enough water or not consuming enough fiber to moves waste through the digestive system. I I 2. Whot foclors moy be cousing Breono's constipotion? getting enough physical activity, 'ë E o o =+ ts 3. lf you were Breono, whot heolthful of conslipotion? behoviors would you proclice lo end the problem diet that includes a varietv of low-fat, hieh-fiber foods, and start a Droeram of reeular phvsical activitv o (9 z. g¡ ()o E o -¡ (¡ \ $ Ghapter 15 Føst Fíles 71