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Name:
Date:
Period:
The Dígestíve System
Directions: Lobel each of the orgcns of the digestive system using the nomes
on the bock of this sheet ond then give o description of whot eoch orgon.
Under eoch nqme list ony digestive enzymes present ond the food type they
digest.
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o Anus:
the openingat the end of the digestive system in which the
feces exit the body.
o Appendix: a small sack located
o
near the start of the digestive system
Esophagus: the long tube connecting the mouth to the stomach: it
uses rh¡hmic movements called peristalsis to force the food from the
throat into the stomach
o Gall bladder:
a small sac-like organ located in the duodenum that
releases and stores bile (a digestive chemical that is made in the liver)
into the small intestines
o Large intestines:
the long, wide tube that food goes through after
goes through the small intestines.
it
o Liver: alarge organ located above and in front of the stomach. It
filters toxins from blood and makes bile( which brakes down fats) and
some blood proteins
o Mouth: first part of the digestive
system, where food enters the body.
Chewing and digestive enzymes are the beginning of the digestive
process (braking down the food).
o Pancreas: an enzyme producing gland located below the stomach
and
above the intestines. Enzymes from the pancreas help in the digestion
of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestines
o Rectum: the lower
part if the large intestines, where feces are stored
before they are extracted from the body.
o
Small intestines: the long, thin winding tube that food goes through
after it leaves the stomach.*
o Stomach:
a sack like, muscular organ that is attached to the
esophagus. When food enters the stomach, it is churned in an acid
bath.
*
,
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Na me(s)
KEY
-áthwav of Digestion-ordering exercise
Place
the 10 steps in the pathway of digestion in the correct order
Undigested liquid food paste has turned into solid waste
Food moves into the stomach
Food is swallowed and moves through the esophagus
Solid waste leaves the body through the anus
Food is chewed and mixes with saliva
Water is removed from the undigested food
Food moves into a long tube called the small intestine
Undigested food moves into the large intestine
Food is broken down into a liquid paste as it is mixed with acids
Nutrients are absorbed into the blood by the villi in the small intestine
L. Food is chewed and mixes with saliva
2. Food is swallowed and moves through the esophagus
3. Food moves into the stomach
tood is broken down into a liquid paste as it is mixed with acids
5. Food moves into a long tube called the small intestine
6. Nutrients are absorbed into the blood by the villi in the small intestine
7. Undigested food moves into the large intestine
8. Water is removed from the undigested food
9. Undigested liquid food paste has turned into solid waste
L0. Solid waste leaves the body through the anus
Facts:
The esophagus is
about 10
inches long
Food is moved through the esophagus stomach and intestine through Peristalsis
cups of Saliva is produced each day.
I.7 Lor 7
About
2 to
6
hours all food is emptied from the stomach into the small intestine
90 % of digestion and absorption takes place in the small intestine
20-23 feet in le ngth and 1 inch in diameter
The small intestine is
');
feet in length
2.5 inches in diameter and 5 - 6
large intestine is
It's function is to absorb water , vitamins . and salts and to eliminate waste
Within
Over
about
Name
Date
Class
Note Takin
Chapter l5 The Cardiovascular, Respiratofy, and
Digestive Systems
Lesson
3 The Digestive System
Directions: Use the following outline to help organize your notes as you read
through the lesson.
Food for Thought As you read this lesson, think about how
your body processes the food you eat. Tfy to think of the
many functions of your digestive system. After you have
finished reading the lesson carefully, write a sentence
describing the different functions of your digestive system.
Key Concept
Sample answer; The functíons of the digestiv e svsl.em ínclude dígestion,
absorpt¡ol'1, and elinrinatiort.
Unscramble each vocabulary term. Then write the clefinitiott
of each term.
New and Academic
Vocabulary
l.
mastication
saipþiecnid
apperrdicitis*ìnflammatior¡ of the appendix
peristalsis
2. mnoaisttaic
n¡astication -- the process of chewíng
gastric juices
¿
3. cpietp ruelc
bile
f¡eptic ulcer*sores in the lining of the d¡gest¡ve tract
'c
peptic rrlcer
É
4. spiesrliast
peristalsis-a series of involulltary ntuscle conlractions that nlove
appendicitis
tood through tlte digestive tracl
I
e
6. ebli
s
Þ
bile*a Vellow-green, bitter lluid imporlant
ín the breakdown ancl
@
o
absorplion ot fats
ïtFt
6. cirtsag siciqj
gastric juioes -secletior¡s frotr the slotnach lining that coE¡lain
hydrochlorìc acid and pepsírr, arl erìzynle that digests proteitr
js
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Chapter
l5
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lJl
StudentActíuÛty Workbook 2Ol
Name
Date
What Happens
Duríng Digestion
I found this infonnation
onpage(s) 422
Class
Describe what happens to food during digestion.
Foorjs are first b¡r¡ken dovrn into a fornr thc l:odv can uso, and an: tlterl
atrsûrbed as naurish¡uerrt o¡ elir¡rînated as ç.¡aste"
Narne the three main processes that take place cluring
digestion and briefly clescribe the function of each.
Process
l-fow Digestion Works
I foun<l lhis infonnation
on Page(s) 423-425.
Function
Dlç¡eslion
The mechanical an<i chenrial lrreakdowrt o{ foocls
within tlre slomach and intestiìles
A[rsorplìon
The f:assage of clÍgestcd food froll the digestíve
lracI irrto tlrc¡ cr.¡rçJìovascular system
Elìminalìon
Tlrc expulsicrr of uncfigesicd frrod or l¡ody wastes
Describe the two rnechanical and chemical processes
involved in digestion.
The n'¡eclra¡rical process irrvolves chewìrrg, ntashìng, ánd breaking¡ clowr
Tood. 'l-he clle¡r'lical p¡ocess involves secretíons produced by digestive
organs
List the organs that rnake up the digestive system.
Ësopiragus. stornach" ptncreiìs, líver, galltrltdcle6 snrail ìntestìrte. large
ìntest¡lle
Digestive System
Problems
I ftruncl tl-ris infc.¡nuation
on page(s) 42H28.
Name five health behaviors that will help yott nuint¿in a
healllty cligestive system. Eat a v;rricly of low-fat, high-fibor foods;
wash hirncls belore preparing or eating foodl eat slowly and
lood thor0ughly; drìrtk
chel
I glasse s of rví.rter e very ctay; avoìd using foaci
e
'E
d
a$ a way of dealìng rvìfh ¡¡nrotions
E
E
=
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o
Identify two categories of cligestive-system problems
list several examples of each.
t¡ì
l.
F
L
o
2.
À
t!
s
lJ
q¡as,
gall slcltles,
problerrts-*looiì: rJer:ay, gastlìtis, peptic
',tlcel;
[aclose ìnlolemnce, appendicitis. colitiç, culon cat]cel henrorrhoÍcìs,
"Structuraì
()r0lìn''s disc :ìriç, uir i I r0 jìs
I
Chapter
15
StudentActìuity Workbook
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t
F
E
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f\¡nctional ¡rroblanrs^*írtrJigcstiott, <;<rttstìpittíutt. ltearthurtr,
rinusÊa, c{iarul¡ea
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Name
Class
Date
Chapter 15 . Lesson
3 The Digestive
System
Heollh Skills Proclice: Procticing Heolthful Behoviors
Relievi ng Gonstipation
Directions Some digestive problems couse only minor discomfort. However,
if these minor digeslive problems ore ignored, They moy become more serious.
Procticing heolthful behoviors con prevent problems from occurring. A heollhy
digestive system beginswith heolthful eoling behoviors. Reod the scenorio
below ond lhen onswer lhe questions thot follow.
Scenario:
Lotely, Breono hos suffered from constipotion. This is on embonossing situotion for her.
She hos told no one, ond she's uncomfortoble most of the time. She knows ihol the constipolion ls probobly the result of lhe diet she's beenon to lose weight. She rorely eots breokfosi.
Her usuol mid-doy meolis o diel sodo ond o few chips. At dinner, Breono usuolly drinks
onofher diet sodo ond eols the meol her mother or fother serves. She pushes side dishes like
brown rice, vegetobles, ond sliced fruit owoy becouse she considers lhem "corbs" thot will
moke her goin weight.
She olso wonders if onothersource of the problem is thot she hosn't beendoing much
physicoloctivity. Eoting so liltle leoves her feeling tired. The constipotion is worrying her,
ond she doesn't know quile whol 1o do oboul it
l. Whot is constipotion,
ond whot couses it?
caused by not drinking enough water or not consuming enough fiber to moves waste through the digestive system.
I
I
2.
Whot foclors moy be cousing Breono's constipotion?
getting enough physical activity,
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ts
3. lf you were Breono, whot heolthful
of conslipotion?
behoviors would you proclice lo end the problem
diet that includes a varietv of low-fat, hieh-fiber foods, and start
a Droeram
of reeular phvsical activitv
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Ghapter
15
Føst
Fíles
71