Download Natural Selection Notes - Paulding County Schools

Speciation Notes
SB5b: Explain the history of life in terms of biodiversity, ancestry, and the rates of evolution.
SB5d: Relate natural selection to changes in organisms.
Key Term
Definition
Example
Is like when…(analogy)
Variations that are helpful.
Tiger
Tall people are better at
Adaptation
strength
basketball
Adaptive
Radiation
When a single species evolves into several different
species.
Darwin’s
Finches
Cell phones – Verizon
used to only have few
phones but now they
have a lot.
How often a certain allele occurs in a population.
Albino
allele
How often lightning
strikes – not much but it
is a big deal when it
does.
When two species are isolated by behaviors
Birds of
Paradise
and their
dances
Someone doesn’t like
someone else so they stay
away.
When two species evolve together both influencing
the other.
Gazelles –
faster
Cheetahs faster
When two species live in the same environment,
they often evolve to have similar characteristics
Dolphins
and sharks
There used to be no
steroids in sports now
there are. So they had to
change the rules. Then
people figures out how to
cheat so they had to
change the rules again.
Super Bowl: You have
Packer fans and Steeler
fans converging to
support their teams, they
both are fans of football
even though the teams
are really different.
When changes in the environment cause a species to
Butterflies
Allele
Frequency
Behavioral
Isolation
Coevolution
Convergent
Evolution
Once the super bowl is
Divergent
Evolution
split into two or more different species.
over the Patriots and
Seahawks fans will
diverge back to their
respective territories.
How populations change over time due forces
Evolution
beyond normal natural selection
of
Populations
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.
Fitness
Genetic
drift
Founder
effect
A brown
fawn will
survive
better than
albino in
nature.
Change happens through
random chance, like
winning the lottery or
getting into a car accident
A black moth that has the
same color as the tree
bark will be more fit than
a white moth.
Founder
Effect
When a small part of a population moves to a new
location.
Bird
dropping a
see in a
new area.
When a bird carries a
seed from one area to
another, a new species is
introduced.
Gene Flow
When individuals from one population move into
another population.
Caribou
migrating
to new
location.
When you move to a
different state.
The combined genetic information of a population.
All the
It is like all the alleles for
alleles for
the different eye colors in
eye color in all of Paulding County.
an area.
In a small group, minor events can have a large
Stepping
Gene Pool
The people that had to
Genetic
Drift
Geographic
Isolation
Gradualism
NonRandom
Mating
Population
effect on the population.
on bugs
accidentall
y
eliminating
from
population.
relocate because of
Hurricane Katrina,
changed the allele
frequencies in New
Orleans as a result of the
storm.
When two or more species are separated by a
geographic feature, like mountains
Grand
Canyon
Your friend moves to
another state.
The idea that evolution happens gradually and
constantly
Change in
butterflies
A mountain is formed
When organisms choose mates. Mating does NOT
occur through random chance
Sexual
Selection
A person is picky about
their spouse instead of
just having random
partners
All the members of a species that live in a certain
area.
All deer in
an area.
The people in my
subdivision
The idea that most of the time, populations are not
Abrupt
When something is the
Punctuated
Equilibriu
m
Reproducti
ve Isolation
evolving.
change
Anything that prevent different species from sharing
genes.
Mating
When two things can’t
times of
make babies
wood frog
and leopard
frog.
When a new species is formed.
A change
in butterfly
color.
When species reproduce at different times, they
cannot share genes.
Wood frog It is like when one pine
and leopard tree sheds pollen in
frog
February, and the other
in April, these two
cannot breed.
Each individual is different.
Hair color
Speciation
Temporal
Isolation
Variation
same but then it suddenly
changes.
The development of the
new franchise the
Houston Texans
Is like height of people.