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Solar System Solar System Introduction The family of the sun is known as the solar system. It consists of Sun ,eight planets, about 100 known satellites ,like moon& asteroids ,meteors & comets The Inner Planets Mercury Venus Earth Mars Mercury • Mercury is the closest planet to the sun. • It is very hot during the day and freezing cold at night. • Its surface is covered with craters. Venus • It is the second planet from the sun. • It is the brightest planet. • It is almost the same size as Earth. Earth • It is the 3rd planet from the sun. • It is the only planet with life because it is just the right temperature. • It is made up of mostly water. • It has oxygen which is a gas that humans and other animals need in order to live. Mars • It is the fourth planet from the sun. • It is known as the red planet. • There was probably water on Mars a long time ago. The Outer Planets Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Jupiter • Jupiter is the 5th planet from the sun and the largest planet in the Solar System. • It has a great red spot. • It known as the “Gas Giant”. • It has at least 39 moons. Saturn • It is the 6th planet from the sun and the 2nd largest. • It is known for its rings which are made of icy chunks of rock. • It has at least 32 moons. Uranus • It is the 7th planet from the sun. • It is four times larger than Earth. • It is mostly made up of gas and liquid. • It has rings. Neptune • It is the 8th planet from the sun. • It is Uranus’ twin although it is a little smaller. • It is named after the roman god of the sea. Pluto • Was the 9th planet and is the farthest planet from the sun. (Now a dwarf planet, no longer considered a planet in our solar system • It is very small and it is very cold there. • It has just one moon. Asteroids • They are small planet like solid object found in solar system . • The main belt lies between orbit of Mars and Jupiter. Comets • Small icy bodies • Travel past the Sun • Give off gas and dust as they pass by Ques1-Name the largest planet in solar system. Ans. 1--Jupiter is the largest planet in solar system. Ques2 - Name the smallest planet in solar system. Ans2- Mercury is the smallest planet in solar system. Ques3- what is the path taken by the planets to go around the sun called? Ans3- The path taken by the planets to go around the sun is called orbit. Ques4-Name the planet which has a reddish appearance. Ans4- Mars has a reddish appearance Ques5-Name the planets according to their increasing size • Ans5- The planets according to their increasing size are:• Mercury • Mars • Venus • Earth • Neptune • Uranus • Saturn • Jupiter Ques6-Name the planets according to their distance from sun • The planets according to their distance from sun are:• Mercury • Venus • Earth • Mars • Jupiter • Saturn • Uranus • Neptune Ques7-why do the planets not twinkle like stars at night? • Ans7- The planets do not twinkle like stars at night because :• They do not have their own heat and light . • They shine, as they reflect the light of sun Ques8- why is the earth called the blue planet? • Ans8- when astronauts first saw the earth from space ,it looked blue in colour due to the presence of water all over it .So the earth is called the blue planet or watery planet. QUES9- What is the significance of the sun in the solar system? Ans9 -The significance of the sun in the solar system are :– • The sun is the main source of heat and light for all forms of life on earth. • The gravitation pull of the sun keeps all the members of the solar system together. Ques10- How is the earth a unique planet in the solar system? Ans10Earth is a unique planet in the solar system because:1. Location- The best location , with reference to the sun . 2. Favourable environmental condition for the survival of various forms of life. 3.Adequate water- The presence of adequate water in the oceans which provides ideal conditions for the origin and evolution of life. 4. Presence of an atmosphere- which protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiations coming from the sun . MCQ QUESTIONS Tick the correct answer (a)The planet known as the “Earth’s Twins” is i) Jupiter (ii) Saturn (iii) Venus (b)Which is the third nearest planet to the Sun i. Venus ii. Earth iii. Mercury (c) All planet move around the sun in a i. Circular path ii. Elongated elliptical path iii. Rectangular path (d) The pole star indicates to the direction to the i. North ii. South iii. East (d)Asteroid are found between the orbit of (i) Saturn and Jupiter (ii) Mars and Jupiter (iii) The Earth and Mars Fill in the blanks. (a) A group of stars forming various patterns is called a ______. (b) A huge system of stars is called______. (c) ______is the closest celestial body to our earth. (d) ______is the third nearest planet to the sun. (e) Planets do not have their own_______ and_______.