Download Chapter 17 Reconstruction and the New South

Chapter 17 Reconstruction and the
New South
(1865-1896)
Section 1 Reconstruction Plans
If you were President Lincoln, how would you have
treated the South after it lost the Civil War?
A. I would have punished the South severely.
B. I would have forgiven the states and
allowed them to rejoin the Union
immediately.
A. A
B. B
I would have allowed the states to rejoin theC. C
Union but not given them representation in government for
a certain amount of time.
D. D
C. I would have allowed the southern states
to rejoin the Union as soon as they
denounced slavery.
D.
Q
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How did plans to unify the nation
differ after the Civil War?
Reconstruction Debate
• The Union was saved
• Now the challenge was
reuniting and rebuilding
the country
• The Southern states
needed to be readmitted
• The Southern economy
and society also needed
to be rebuilt
• Americans disagreed on
how this should happen
• The period of rebuilding
is called Reconstruction
• Also refers to the various
plans for readmitting the
Southern states to the
Union
Lincoln’s Plan
• December 1863, during
the Civil War
• Lincoln introduced the
Ten Percent Plan
• When 10% of the
voters of a state took
an oath of loyalty to the
Union, the state could
form a new government
• And adopt a new
constitution that
banned slavery
• Lincoln believed that
punishing the South
would serve no
purpose and would
only delay healing the
torn nation
Lincoln’s Plan Continued
• Lincoln offered amnesty
(a pardon)
• To all white Southerners
who were willing to
swear loyalty to the
Union
• Except Confederate
leaders
• 1864- 3 states under
Union occupation
(Louisiana, Arkansas,
and Tennessee) set up
governments under the
plan
• But the Congress
refused to seat the
states’ representatives
The Radicals’ Plan
• Some Republicans saw
Lincoln’s plan too forgiving
• They favored a more radical
approach and were called the
Radical Republicans
• Radical Republican Thaddeus
Stevens said that Southern
institutions “must be broken
up and relaid, or all our blood
and treasure have been spent
in vain”
• Congress was controlled by
the Radical Republicans and
voted to deny seats to
representatives from any state
that was readmitted under
Lincoln’s plan
Wade-Davis Bill
• July 1864- Congress passed
the Wade-Davis Bill
• To rejoin the Union, a state
had to meet several
requirements
• 1. A majority of the state’s
white males had to swear
loyalty to the Union
• 2. Only white males who
swore they had not fought
against the Union could vote
for delegates to a state
constitutional convention
• 3. New state constitutions had
to ban slavery
• The bill would also ban former
Confederates from holding
public office
Lincoln’s Response
• Lincoln refused to
sign the WadeDavis Bill
• But he wanted state
governments to
form quickly
• Lincoln wanted
order restored in
the South as soon
as possible
• Lincoln would have
to compromise with
the Radical
Republicans
Which of the following was a provision of the
Wade-Thomas Bill?
A. African American males in a state
had to swear loyalty to the Union.
B. Former Confederates could
not hold public office.
C.
D.
A. A
Confederate states could be
admitted to the Union even if
B. B
they kept slavery.
C.
C
Half of all delegates to a constitutional convention
had to be formerly enslaved people. D. D
The Freedmen’s Bureau
• March 1865- Lincoln and
Congress set up the
Freedmen’s Bureau
• The bureau helped
African Americans
adjust to freedom
• It provided food, clothing,
and medical services
• Also helped freed people
acquire land or find work
for fair wages
• Also set up schools and
gave aid to new African
American institutions of
higher learning
• Including Atlanta
University, Howard
University, and Fisk
University
April 14th, 1865
• President Lincoln
attended a play at Ford’s
Theatre in Washington,
D.C.
• John Wilkes Booth
entered the private box
and shot Lincoln in the
head
• Lincoln died hours later
• Vice President Andrew
Johnson became
president
• John soon revealed his
plan for Reconstruction
(Called- Restoration)
Restoration
•
•
•
•
•
•
Johnson’s plan would grant
amnesty to most
Southerners once they
swore loyalty to the Union
High-ranking Confederates
could be pardoned only by
appealing to the president
This showed that Johnson
wanted to humiliate the
leaders who he believed had
tricked the South’s people
into seceding
Johnson said only loyal,
pardoned whites could vote
for delegates to the state
constitutional conventions
Johnson stated “white men
alone must manage the
South
Johnson opposed equal
rights for African Americans
Restoration Continued
• States had to
denounce secession
and ban slavery before
reentering the Union
• States also had to ratify
the 13th amendment
(Abolished slavery in
the US)
• By the end of 1865 all
former confederate
states had new
governments and were
ready to rejoin the
Union
• Except Texas
What did the Thirteenth Amendment
accomplish?
A. It welcomed former Confederate
states back into the Union.
B. It made secession illegal.
C. It pardoned Confederate
leaders.
D. It abolished slavery throughout
the Union.
A.
B.
C.
D.
A
B
C
D
Q
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How did plans to unify the nation differ after the
Civil War?
-Lincoln wanted to avoid punishing to promote healing,
so he offered amnesty to all white Southerners except
Confederate leaders
-Radical Republicans favored harsher measures that
would break up and rebuild the South’s institutions and
ban former Confederates from holding office
-Johnson wanted to pardon most Southerners but
humiliate Confederate leaders
Chapter 17 Section 1 Quiz
The period after the Civil War is
know as Rebuilding.
A. True
B. False
The Ten Percent Plan required 10 percent of
the voters of a state to take an oath of
loyalty to the Confederacy.
A. True
B. False
In 1864 the Union army occupied
Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee.
A. True
B. False
The Wade-Davis Bill countered
the Ten Percent Plan.
A. True
B. False
Lincoln was assassinated while
attending a play.
A. True
B. False
The period of rebuilding the South
after the Civil War was called
A.
B.
C.
D.
amnesty.
war spoils.
Reconstruction.
Civil War
Rebuilding.
What is the name of the decree that required
a majority of the white males in a state to
swear loyalty to the Union?
A. Ten Percent Plan
B. Wade-Davis Bill
C. Reconstruction
Bill
D. Freedmen's
Bureau
African Americans were helped to
make the transition to freedom by the
A. Wade-Davis Plan.
B. Ten Percent Plan.
C. Reconstruction
Act.
D. Freedmen's
Bureau.
President Abraham Lincoln was
shot at
A. the White House.
B. Ford's Theater.
C. Samuel Mudd's
house.
D. William
Petersen's house.
The person who was president after
Lincoln was
A.
B.
C.
D.
Andrew Johnson.
Daniel Webster.
John C. Calhoun.
Andrew Jackson.