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Transcript
Forces First we need to define the word FORCE: •The cause of motion (what causes objects to move) •Two types of forces - Pushes - Pulls Forces are measured in Newtons • SI unit of force • Symbol: N • Measured by using a spring scale Forces may be balanced or unbalanced • Balanced forces – all forces acting on an object are equal -There is NO MOTION • Unbalanced forces – one or more forces acting on an object are stronger than others -There is MOTION A NET FORCE Friction Force that slows down motion. There are three different types of friction: 1. Rolling Friction 2. Sliding Friction 3. Fluid Friction Rolling Friction The friction that exists when a wheel turns on a surface. Sliding Friction When two objects are rubbing against each other. Fluid Friction The friction on a solid object as it moves through water. Gravity • Force that attracts all objects toward each other • More mass = more gravity • Acceleration because of gravity is 9.8 m/s/s • All objects accelerate at the same rate Newton’s Laws • First Law – Inertia • Second Law – Acceleration, Force & Mass • Third Law – Action-Reaction First Law • Inertia – An object at rest [not moving] remains at rest unless acted on by a force [push or pull] – An object in motion remains in motion unless acted on by a force [push or pull] First Law • Inertia & Mass – Mass is the amount of matter in an object – The more MASS an object has, the more INERTIA the object has. – Bigger objects are harder to start & stop Second Law • Acceleration & Force – The more force placed on an object, the more it will accelerate [change its motion] • Acceleration & Mass – The more mass [or inertia] an object has, the more force it takes to accelerate the object Third Law • Action – Reaction –Forces are always produced in pairs with opposite directions & equal strengths –For every force there is an equal and opposite force