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Minerals Bellringer: Turn in Homework from yesterday Get out blank piece of paper to write tonight’s homework questions on. Minerals from Magma • Minerals can form from the cooling of magma • Magma is molten material found beneath Earth’s surface. • If magma cools slowly, the mineral crystals are large. • If magma cools quickly, the mineral crystals are small. Minerals from Solution • Supersaturated solution= a given volume of water can not dissolve any more solid • Mineral crystals will drop out of the solution • Also, mineral crystals can form when liquid evaporates Mineral Groups • Earth’s crust= 3,000 minerals • 30 are common • Common= rock-forming minerals • 90 elements= crust • Common elements= Oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium in order of highest to lowest. Silicates • Most abundant elements are oxygen and silicon • Silicates= silicon, oxygen, and possibly other elements • Make up 96% of minerals on Earth’s crust • Examples: feldspar and quartz. Carbonates • Metals combine with CO3 • Examples= calcite, dolomite, and rhodochrosite. • Primary minerals found in rocks such as limestone, coquina, and marble • Distinctive colors: green and blue Oxide • Compounds of oxygen and metal • Examples: Hematite, Magnetite, Uraninite • Uraninite: source of uranium, generate power. Turn in yesterday‘s homework. Start writing these on separate piece of paper • 1. Define a mineral. Give 2 reasons why petroleum is not a mineral? • 2. How do minerals form from solution? From magma? • 3. What are the 2 most abundant elements in Earth’s crust? What mineral groups do these elements form? • 4. Identify the other major mineral groups • Concept Map: How minerals are formed, magma, solution, mineral groups, examples, common elements.