Download Ancient Greece

• 11/18 Focus:
– The ancient Greeks, especially the
Athenians, made huge contributions to
many fields, particularly to philosophy, the
arts, and sciences.
• Do Now:
– What war united the Greek city-states
against a common enemy and contributed to a
golden age in Athens?
Philosophy
• Use of observation and reason to
understand why things happened
• Major Greek Philosophers (400-300 BC)
– Socrates
– Plato
– Aristotle
Socrates
• Most of what we know
about Socrates comes
from the writing of his
student, Plato.
• Wanted to understand
truth, justice, and
virtue
• Developed Socratic
method
– Learning about beliefs
and ideas by asking
questions
What is
Truth?
•
Socrates
• Sentenced to death
by government
– Charged with
disrespecting
religion and
corrupting children
– Influential people
were afraid he was
angering the gods
– Drank cup of
poisonous hemlock
tea
Plato
• Student of Socrates
• Founded the Academy
– A school where philosophers
could teach their students
• Wrote the Republic
– Did not support Athenian
democracy
– Divided society into 3 classes
• Workers, soldiers, philosophers
– Thought philosophers were
best suited to govern other
people
Aristotle
• Student of Plato and teacher of
Alexander the Great
• Started the Lyceum School
• Use of reason and logic to
understand the natural world
– Reason
• Clear and observed thinking
– Logic
• The process of making inferences
• This approach became the basis
for the scientific method
• Believed one strong and good
leader should rule people
• 11/19 Focus:
– An epic book or poem tells a long story
that involves brave actions and exciting
events.
– Greek contributions to philosophy, art and
literature are still influential.
• Do Now:
– Identify the three most influential Greek
philosophers?
Art
• Greeks believed in
beauty, balance,
and order in the
universe
• Greek paintings and
statues were life
like but portray the
human body in its
perfect form.
Architecture
• Constructed
large temples,
such as the
Parthenon
• Greek column
styles still
influence
modern day
Corinthian builders
Doric
Ionic
•
•
•
Literature and Drama
• Homer
– Wrote long epic
poems
– Odyssey and Iliad
• Plays
– First plays
developed as part
of religious
festivals
– Tragedies
• Serious dramas
about human
conflicts
– Comedies
• often were satires
or works that poked
fun at Greek society
Historians
• Tried to record an
unbiased record of
history
• Herodotus
– Called the father of
history
– Wrote the Histories
Science and Math
• Pythagoras:
– Pythagorean Theorem (a² + b²= c²)
• Archimedes:
– created geometry and calculus
• Hippocrates
– Father of western medicine
Closure
• Who wrote the Odyssey and the Iliad ?
• Identify one contribution that ancient
Greeks made in the area of math,
science, or medicine.
• Assignment Link:
• http://www.ancientgreece.co.uk/acropolis/explore/ex
p_set.html