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Transcript
Philosophers Socrates Plato Aristotle Architecture Theater Drama Comedies Herodotus Thucydides The Glory that was Greece These thinkers tried to use reason and observation to explain causes for events. They studied things such as math, music, and logic. Some developed skills in rhetoric, (skillful speaking). This man introduced what has become known as the Socratic Method. He would ask questions and encourage people to really think about their answers. He was seen by the authorities as a threat to the values of Athens. At 70 he was arrested for corrupting the young people. He was found guilty and was sentenced to kill himself by drinking hemlock. Like his teacher Socrates, Plato did not approve of democracy. He wrote a book, The Republic, in which he talked about the perfect society. There would be three classes of people (1) the workers, (2) the soldiers, (3) The ruling class of philosophers, with one philosopher-king. He taught his ideas at his school known as the Academy. Like his teacher Plato, Aristotle favored rule by a single strong leader. At his school, the Lyceum He helped people learn how to make rational decisions and established the basis of the scientific method. Courses in the early European universities were based on the work and ideas of Aristotle. Will become the teacher of Alexander the Great One of the best examples of Greek architecture is the Parthenon. Like all Greek art it was based on the values of balance, order, and proportion. Greek plays were performed in large outdoor theaters with very little scenery. Actors wore elaborate costumes and masks. The first plays were tragedies, stories that told of human suffering. Some of the great writers were: Sophocles- He wrote about a family torn apart in Antigone. Euripides – He showed the harsh life of Greek women in his plays The Trojan Women and Medea. Aeschylus- In Orseteia he showed that even powerful families could be torn apart by the gods. Were written to mock people or customs of the present time. The greatest writer of comedies was Aristophanes “Father of History” Wrote The Persian Wars unbiased- though still reflected his own views Believed Greeks won because they were morally right (right vs. might) History of the Peloponnesian War (Sparta vs. Athens) Athenian, but tried to be fair to both sides father of "scientific history", because of his strict standards of evidencegathering and analysis in terms of cause and effect without reference to intervention by the gods, as outlined in his introduction to his work.