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1 Chapter 4 – Mendelian Inheritance ESLRS – EFFECTIVE PROBLEM SOLVESRS, CITIZENS AND COMMUNICATOR STANDARDS -2a, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2g, 3a, 3b -----ESLRS Read and outline the chapter – Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, ch 5 p.96-98 4.1 Following the Inheritance of One Gene-Segregation Write objectives in this Law of segregation, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, column. recessive, Punnett square 4.2 Single-gene gene Inheritance in Humans Modes of inheritance, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, consanguinity, 4.3 Following the Inheritance of Two Gen Genes-Independent Assortment Law of independent assortment 4.4 Pedigree Analysis Pedigree Review question – p. 92 #1-5 Applied question #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Study guide Correct with power point Warm up Who is Gregor Mendel and what did he study? 2 Vocabulary : Mendellian Genetics Complete definitions Monohybrid, homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, heterozygote, P generation, F generation, dominant trait, recessive trait, genotype, phenotype, alleles, segregation, Punnett squares, true breeding, hybrid Video clip – The Chosen Child- Screening Genetic ContentSummarize Warm up Define as many vocabulary words as you can in 5 minutes. Monohybrid, homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, heterozygote, P generation, F generation, dominant trait, recessive trait, genotype, phenotype, 3 alleles, segregation, Punnett squares, true breeding, hybrid 5-Step format for Punnett squares Mendelian Inheritance Patterns 1. Complete dominance 2. Incomplete dominance 3. Codominance Complete Dominance Problems Complete worksheet Correct with power point Warm up Cross a heterozygous black rat with a white rat. Use the 5 step format. Case study – ABO blood testing Question – Can any absolute conclusions be drawn based upon the results of these blood tests? Why or Why not? 4 Was it worth doing the test in first place? ABO blooding typing notes Warm up Four babies were mixed up in the hospital. Using the data below, match the parents to the correct babies. (Be sure to show ALL possibilities) Incomplete dominance Correct with powerpoint and Codominance Problems Complete worksheet More Mendelian Genetic Correct with powerpoint Problems Complete worksheet Monohybrid cross problem set Video clip- The Cloning conflict – Parkinson’s Disease Summarize Warm up Distinguish between Codominance and Incomplete dominance. 5 Dihybrid cross – complete notes Warm up Explain Mendel’s law of dominance, law of segregation, and law of independent assortment. Dihybrid cross problems Complete worksheet Warm up Correct with power point If two pure-bred parents are crossed, one homozygous dominant for green skin (G) and thick hair (H) and the other homozygous recessive for purple skin (g) and bald (h), show the results of this cross. Video Clip – To Hear – Genetic Deafness Summarize Dihybrid cross B Complete workseet Warm up Given the following cross AABBCCDD x AABbccDd. What is the 6 chance of a AABBCcDD offspring? The product rule - notes Activity - Probability – coin toss and Huntington Disease More monohybrid and dihybrid cross problem Complete worksheet Warm up Final genetic problems Complete worksheet Case Study – Natural selection and gene frequency Question – If you suspected that heterozygous carriers of a particular disease gene had a selective advantage in resisting a type of infection, how Explain why we do not do punnett squares when we are looking at 3 or more traits at the same time. 7 would you go about testing this hypothesis? Quiz – Mendelian Inheritance Punnett squares Article – This is How a Child Dies. Please read after quiz. Case study - Pedigree Analysis and Prenatal testing Question – If Sarah carries the mutant cancer gene and Adam carries the mutant heart disease gene, what is the chance that they will have a child that is free of both diseases? Video clip – cystic fibrosis How many caucasians are born with cystic fibrosis? What is the average life expectancy? Power point review 1-20 Mendilian genetics Review Study for ch 4 Test 8 Chapter 4 - Mendelian Inheritance - Study Guide * Mendel followed the inheritance of traits through several generations in what? * Mendel called physical units responsible for the inheritance of traits "characters." The basis for his first law is that these characters do what? *Mendel's characters are really what? *A person who has two identical alleles for a particular gene is what for that gene? *What are alleles? *In pea plants, the allele for tall (T) is dominant to the allele for short (t). What is the genotype for a short pea plant? * What does the genotype of a particular trait refers to? *Write the genotypes for a dihybrid homozygous? * What is a heterozygote? *The second generation resulting from a genetic cross is which generation? *In a family that starts with you, your grandchildren would be considered what generation? 9 *Describe a monohybrid cross? * The probability that a child in a particular family will inherit a recessive disorder is 1/4. If the parents have four children, what is the probability that their third child will inherit the disorder? * Describe an autosomal dominant trait ? *What cross yields a genotypic ratio of 1:2:1 and a phenotypic ratio of 3:1. *What is the genotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross? *Using the product rule, the probability that parents heterozygous for two traits (AaBb) will produce a homozygous recessive offspring (aabb) would be? *A man and a woman are both carriers for two autosomal recessive disorders, PKU (chromosome 12) and cystic fibrosis (chromosome 7). If they have a daughter, what is the probability that she will have PKU but not CF? *A man and his wife are both carriers of the recessive allele causing Tay-Sachs disease (chromosome 15). If they have a normal child, what is the probability that the child is a carrier of Tay Sachs? *A man and his wife are both carriers of the recessive allele causing Tay-Sachs disease (chromosome 15). If they have a normal child, what is the probability that the child is NOT a carrier of Tay Sachs? 10 *An Amish couple (both normal) has four children. The first three children are normal and the fourth child was born with an autosomal recessive disorder known as Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EvC). EvC was once referred to as 'six-fingered dwarfism' and is caused by a defective gene on chromosome 4. What is the probability that their next child will have Ellis-van Creveld syndrome? *The Amish couple in the previous question has a fifth child born with PKU. What is the probability that their sixth child will have both PKU and EvC? *What is the probability that two heterozygous individuals (Hh) will produce a homozygous recessive offspring? *For two traits A and B, what are the genotypes of the gametes that a heterozygote would produce? *In a human pedigree that traces the inheritance of sickle cell disease, a half-filled circle represents a: *In a human pedigree that traces the inheritance of sickle cell disease, a filled square represents what? *In a pedigree, autosomal recessive traits tend to do what? *Do a number of human traits and genetic diseases follow Mendelian inheritance? *When Mendel crossed pure breeding peas having yellow seed color (YY) with pure breeding peas having green seed color (yy), all of the offspring had yellow seed color. Yellow seed color represents what? *When Mendel crossed pure breeding peas having yellow seed color (YY) with pure breeding peas having green seed color (yy), all of the offspring had yellow seed color. The symbols YY and yy represent what? 11 *For pea plants, yellow seed color (Y) is dominant to green seed color (y). In one experiment, a cross produced 6,022 plants with yellow seed color and 2,001 plants with green seed color. Describes the genotype of a plant with green seed color? *For pea plants, yellow seed color (Y) is dominant to green seed color (y). In one experiment, a cross produced 6,022 plants with yellow seed color and 2,001 plants with green seed color. Describes the genotype of a plant with yellow seed color? *Sickle cell anemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Describe the genotype of an individual with sickle cell anemia? *Sickle cell anemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Describe the genotype of an unaffected person who has a sibling with sickle cell anemia? *James Poush, discovered distal symphalangism in his family and published a report on his findings. This condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Describe a person with this condition. Are they homozygous or heterozygous, dominant or recessive? *Distal symphalangism is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. The condition causes stiff fingers and toes that have tiny nails. Describe an unaffected person who has two parents with this condition? Are they homozygous or heterozygous, dominant or recessive? *Distal symphalangism is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. In a pedigree, you would expect this trait to do what? *Sickle cell anemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. In a pedigree analysis, you would expect this trait to do what?