Download I. Mitosis Overview II. Important Vocabulary/Structures

Unit 5: Reproduction
Name:
Aim #33 Mitosis: What is Mitosis?
I.
Date:
Mitosis Overview
What is cell
division?
What must a
cell do BEFORE
it divides by
mitosis?
________________________ of one cell into _______
The DNA of the cell must be ______________________ exactly. This ensures that the offspring will
_____________________ all of the genetic information from the ____________________
What is Mitosis? The process by which a cell’s genetic material ____________________, creating __________
____________________ sets of the cell’s genetic material.
What does
Mitosis
produce?
When does
Mitosis occur
and which
organisms
perform
Mitosis?
II.
Two cells that have a ___________ set of ______________________ genes and chromosomes that
allows them to function properly.

______________________________ Organisms (bacteria, amoeba, yeast, mold) use mitosis for
______________________ reproduction.

______________________________ organisms (humans, mammals) use mitosis for
_________________ and for cell replacement and _______________
Important Vocabulary/Structures
Long threadlike network of DNA (looks like spaghetti) in the nucleus. This is how the
DNA exists before chromosomes become visible
A thick structure that contains DNA (there are 46 in each human cell)
The result of a chromosome copying itself before cell division (resembles an “X – two
chromosomes placed together). It consists of two sister chromatids
Site that attaches the chromatids together
A network of fibers (strings) that pull chromosomes apart during cell division
Organelles in animal cells that move to opposite ends of the cell and form the spindle
fibers
III.
Cell Cycle
Life cycle of a dividing cell
Cell Cycle

What are the stages
of the cell cycle?
______________________: Stage of DNA
duplication and cell growth.

__________________: Process of cell
division

____________________: Cytoplasm divides
in half resulting in 2 daughter cells
Which is the longest
stage/which stage
takes up most of the
cell’s life? Why?
__________________________. This is when the
cell is growing, duplicating its DNA, making ATP
and preparing for the division process.
1. Is interphase a part of mitosis? _________________
2. Is cytokinesis a part of mitosis? ________________
3. What are the phases of mitosis?
________________
_________________
________________
________________
4. What type of reproduction is mitosis?
INTERPHASE
What are the stages of Interphase?
1. The cell ________________
2. The chromosomes are ________________________
3. A __________ of each chromosome is made
4. EX: A human cell has 46 chromosomes. A copy of each
chromosome is made
a. A chromosome looks like this 
b. A duplicated chromosome looks like this 
A cell with a complete set of chromosomes in pairs is called a DIPLOID CELL. This is represented by 2n.
One division of a cell makes TWO IDENTICAL diploid cells.
PROPHASE: Mitosis Phase 1
se
Spindle
forming
mitosis!
What are the stages of Prophase? (PREPARE)
5. ___________________ become visible
e to opposite
d the spindle
6. ______________________begin to form
es into
7. Nuclear envelope starts to ______________________
pe breaks down.
Centromere
Chromosomes
(paired
chromatids)
METAPHASE : Mitosis Phase 2
Metaphase
What are the stages of Metaphase? (MIDDLE)
Centriole
8. _______________________ chromosomes line up in the
osomes line up
middle of the cell.
_________________ of the cell
9. Spindle fibers connect to the ______________________ of
e fibers coming from
ntrioles attach to
mere of each
me.
each duplicated chromosome
aphase = MIDDLE”!
Spindle
ANAPHASE: Mitosis Phase 3
What are the stages of Anaphase? (APART)
Anaphase
ter chromatids separate
dividual chromosomes.
Individual
chromosomes
10. _________________________ chromosomes get
Ste
___________________________ by the spindle fibers and
p4
:T
•C
e
h
romosomes
en rom continue tolo
ds have
until
os moved to ph
dis they
o
o
posite
tinpoles
m
f
ase
ct the es
sh c e ga
th
a
l
re pulled apart by the
e, which begins to shorten
pe l an er
Onaphase = APART”!
.
d l at
ne
os op
e t po
ar o w n
he sit
u
un cl
ir e
so d e ear
me a c e
TELOPHASE:
s. h g nve
ro lo
up pe
of s
TW
begin to move to _______________________ ends of the cell
Mitosis Phase 4
What are the stages of Telophase? (TEAR)
11. Chromosomes spread out to _________________________
O (ce
lls
)”
ends of the cell
!
12. _____________ new _______________________________
form around each group of chromosomes
CYTOKINESIS
What are the stages of Cytokinesis? (CUT)
okinesis
is, the
es in half,
aughter cells
ell has an
s = CUT”
13. The cytoplasm _____________________ in half (for animal
cells) forming __________ new daughter cells
14. Each daughter cell has its own __________________ and an
_____________________ set of chromosomes and DNA
How is cytokinesis different in animal and plant cells?
Plant Cells
Animal Cells

Rigid ______________________

Have a flexible ____________________________

Instead of pinching, a _____________________ forms

Cell _____________________ at the middle and the
at the center of the cell (like walls separating rooms)
cell ________________ in half
Questions & Practice
1. How many divisions are in mitosis? ____________________
2. How many cells are created? __________
3. Compare the chromosomes and the genetic makeup of the daughter cells to the parent cell: ______________________
4. If a cell with 22 chromosomes underwent mitosis, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have? _________
5. How many times does the DNA replicate during mitosis? ________________
6. What is the longest phase of the cell cycle and why?
7. Identify which stage of mitosis each
lettered plant cell is in:
A) _________________________
B) _________________________
C) _________________________
D) _________________________
E) _________________________
Vocabulary Practice
Matching: match the term to the description. Some will be used more than once or not at all.
A. Prophase
B. Interphase
D. Metaphase
C. Telophase
E. Anaphase
_____ 1. The sister chromatids are moving apart.
_____ 14. What phase occurs after mitosis
_____ 2. The nuclear envelope begins to disappear
_____ 15. During what phase of mitosis do centromeres
divide and the chromosomes move toward their
respective poles?
_____ 3. A new nuclear membrane is forming around the
chromosomes.
_____ 4. The cytoplasm of the cell is being divided.
_____ 5. The chromosomes become invisible.
_____ 6. The chromosomes are located in the middle of the
cell.
_____ 16. What is the phase where chromatin condenses to
form chromosomes?
_____ 17. What is the name of the structure that connects the
two chromatids?
_____ 18. In a chromosome pair connected by a centromere,
what is each individual chromosome called?
_____ 7. The cytoplasm pinches in half
_____ 8. The chromatids are moving towards the poles of the
cell.
_____ 9. The spindle is formed.
_____ 10. After this phase, cytokinesis occurs
_____ 19. What structure forms in prophase which helps the
chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
_____ 20. Which phase of mitosis is the last phase that
chromatids are together?
_____ 21. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by a
non-dividing cell?
_____ 11. The cell plate is formed.
_____ 12. Chromosomes are replicated
_____ 13. The first phase of mitosis
_____ 22. What forms across the center of a cell near the end
of telophase?
_____ 23. The period of cell growth and development
between mitotic divisions?
_____ 24. There are 46 of these condensed structures in every
human body cell
Diagram Practice
8)
Identify the phases of mitosis for lines 1-4: Label them telophase, metaphase, anaphase, prophase
Label the structures for lines A-D: Label them sister chromatids, centromere, spindle, fibers, centrioles