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Capacity Building for Bioenergy in ADB: RETA 7833: Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy & Food Security in the Greater Mekong Subregion Dr. Sununtar Setboonsarng Principal Natural Resources and Agriculture Economist & Project Leader Dr. Thamana Lekprichakul ADB Consultant GMS Total Investments Loans and Grants, 2011 Country Amount ($ million) Cambodia 102 P.R. China 1,593 Lao PDR 538 Thailand 1,091 Viet Nam 3,604 TOTAL 6,928 Source: ADB 2011 Annual Report Greater Mekong Subregion Regional Cooperation Program Sectors • Agriculture • Energy • Environment • Human Resource Development • Telecommunications • Tourism • Trade and Transport • ICT Working Group for Agriculture (WGA) Technical Assistance Amount (in Mil US $) Implementation Period 3 RETAs 3 June 2003-2013 RETA 7833 4 July 2012-2015 RETA 8163 7.5 + Sept 2012-2017 Core Agriculture Support Program (CASP) (Phase II) http://www.adb.org/publications/core-agriculture-supportprogram-phase-ii-2011-2015 Vision for the GMS Agriculture Sector The Greater Mekong Subregion is recognized globally as the leading producer of safe food, using climate-friendly agricultural practices and integrated into global markets through regional economic corridors. 6 Vision The Greater Mekong Subregion is recognized as the leading producer of safe food, using climate friendly agricultural practices and integrated into global markets through regional economic corridors. Pillar 1: Food Safety Trade Modernization Pillar 2: Climate Friendly Agriculture Pillar 3: Bioenergy and Biomass Management Agricultural Research and Development Private Sector Involvement Institutional Mechanisms for Regional Cooperation Pillar 1. Building Global Competitiveness by Promoting Food Safety o Enhance trade infrastructure o Harmonize food safety standards o Food traceability system o Capacity building for formal and informal certification systems, including PGS o Promote regional sourcing for critical mass eco-products Pillar 2: Promote Climate-friendly Agriculture and Natural Resource Management • Reward farmers for their ecosystem services i.e. carbon credit for biochar • Risk management system i.e. weather-based risk insurance • Protection from diseases and invasive species Pillar 3: Promote Agriculture as Leader in Providing Rural Renewable Energy o Regional legal and regulatory framework for biomass and biofuel o Promote agroprocessing using renewable energy and eco-labeling o Promote FDI of ecofriendly supply chain for 3Ps: People, Planet, Profit Problems to be Addressed in GMS Bioenergy & Food Security • Energy is essential for economic growth, particularly inclusive growth; • Rural population in the GMS faces both energy and food insecurity: CAM 20%, LAO 24% & VIE 7%; • Low efficiency of biomass use may lead to high amounts of biomass to be taken from forests and fields soil nutrient deprivation, deforestation sustainable food security, including negative health impacts (disproportionately affects women and children) Aim of the project To contribute to the improvement of the use of biomass in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Viet Nam by piloting efficient biomass use projects through regional, national and local initiatives. Methodology Promoting an increased dialogue between regional actors (top-down), as well as the scaling-up of local community-based initiatives (bottom-up). • At the regional level, the project facilitates high-level dialogue on a common approach to bioenergy development balanced with food security issues, for pro-poor climate change mitigation and energy self-sufficiency. • The project field activities are implemented through Agriculture Ministries in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam and other interested stakeholders to put in place human and institutional capacity to increase investments that will help promote the efficient use of biomass to benefit the poor while enhancing food security. Three Pathways • Converting biomass into clean energy and organic fertilizers (biogas, bioslurry management, biochar, soil amendment); • Promoting non-food biofuel crop(s) in small-scale integrated farming systems for biofuel; • Improved cook stoves to reduce fuel demand and emissions Four Key Technologies under TA7833 • • • • Biogas and efficient use of bioslurry Biochar and clean charcoal Improved cook stoves intercropping oil seed crops: SVO, biodiesel ADB’s BioenergyBioenergy-Food Security Policies • Feedstock use is not a food crop, • Land cannot be used for food crops, • No deforestation is associated with development, • Net energy balance is positive. Biogas Brick dome construction BGP Biogas Prefabricated Household BGP Piles of rice husk by a rice mill in Lao PDR with no current application Bichar Production Japanese kiln for making biochar, collaboration between NEDO-Japan and MAFF in CAM Biochar On-going biochar trials at MAFF using rice husk biochar Improved Cook Stove A rice husk gasification cook stove, Vientiane Province Jathropa for Energy and Food • Jathropa oil for farm machinery, transportation, and electricity • Jathropa cake (seedcake left after oil extraction) for high grade nitrogen rich organic fertilizer Project activities Regional standards & Certification system Knowledge product delivery Activities Capacity building Up scaling pilot projects Project activities A) Harmonizing sustainable standards, certification systems and other mechanisms in order to facilitate and ensure regional cooperation on bioenergy and food security issues, including consideration on GBEP indicators; Project activities B) Implementation of pilot projects to up-scale - the testing and demonstration of technologies, - delivery models, - financing approaches, and - other mechanisms for scaling-up of biomass investment for bioenergy and food security. This will guide forthcoming investment projects in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Viet Nam; Project Activities C) Provision of regional capacity building support, highlighting the use of ICT, for project stakeholders engaged in biomass, bioenergy and food security initiatives, including government agencies, donors, NGOs, and the private sector. Project Activities D) Delivery of appropriate knowledge products such as manuals, technical briefs, policy briefs and information packs as well as awareness campaign, to build demand for appropriate mechanisms for utilizing biomass for bioenergy and food security. Studies on GMS Biofuels and Rural Renewable Energy • Integrating Biofuel and Rural renewable Energy Production in Agriculture for Poverty Reduction in the GMS: An Overview and Strategic Framework for Biofuel Development • Global and Regional Development and Impact of Biofuels: A Focus on the GMS Available at: http://www2.adb.org/Documents/Reports/Biofuels/ Available at: http://www.adb.org/publications/case-studies-cross-border-ecotrade ADB Bank-wide Activity to Support Investment in Energy Access ADB’s investment in energy access increased year to year with a goal to connect modern energy to 100 million households by 2015. ADB Energy for All: “maximize energy for all, especially for the rural poor.” -promoting exchange of knowledge, ideas, and information; -demonstrating and mainstreaming appropriate financing mechanisms; -replicating and scaling up proven approaches; -building partnerships to develop, finance, and implement access to energy projects More information on ADB Energy for All Jiwan Acharya Senior Climate Change Specialist (Clean Energy) +632 632 6207 [email protected] http://beta.adb.org/sectors/energy/program ‐ ‐ ‐ s/energy‐for‐all‐initiative http://www.energyforall.info Thank you very much for your kind attention!