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EXTENSION ACTIVITIES: OPERATION IMMUNIZATION IN MALI unit: OPERATION IMMUNIZATION IN MALI EXTENSION ACTIVITIES (optional) Activity 1: Research on Diseases and Their Prevention Time: several periods 1. Consider beginning by providing the following information: Do you like needles? Chances are you have had a few. Why? Immunization is a normal part of life in Canada. Most babies and children are immunized regularly to protect them from diseases such as MMR (measles, mumps and rubella), and DTP (diphtheria, tetanus, and polio). Immunization works so well, we rarely hear of these diseases. In most countries like Mali, West Africa, polio and measles are still a leading cause of vaccine-preventable death amongst children. 2. In small groups, have students compare immunization practices between Mali and Canada. Have them: Cholera An infection of the small intestine caused by bacteria. You can catch the disease by consuming unclean drinking water or eating spoiled food. Diptheria An upper respiratory tract infection that causes a sore throat and fever, and attacks skin cells. It is a contagious disease that can be spread through direct contact with someone already infected. Dengue Fever An infectious disease carried by mosquitoes. It used to be called “break-bone” fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Hepatitis A An acute infectious disease of the liver. a) Pick one of the following diseases: Right To Play / LEARNING TO PLAY, PLAYING TO LEARN - Page 1 of 3 Mali EXTENSION ACTIVITIES: OPERATION IMMUNIZATION IN MALI Hepatitis B Hepatitis B is very similar to Hepatitis A. It is estimated that more than two billion people worldwide have been infected with this virus. HIV/AIDS A disease of the human immune system that slowly destroys the body’s ability to fight off infections and other viruses. Lyme Disease A tick borne disease that when infected leads to fatigue, fever, and depression, and, in later stages, attacks the heart and central nervous system. Malaria Is a disease caused by parasites (Plasmodium) that are spread from person to person through the bites of infected mosquitoes. Measles A contagious disease caused by a virus that leads to fever, muscle pain, headache, and rashes. Meningitis A bacterial infection that inflames the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Mumps A viral disease that causes swelling of the salivary glands. Tuberculosis A contagious bacterial infection that begins in the lungs but can also spread elsewhere in the body. West Nile A virus mainly spread through mosquitoes that causes fever and may lead to serious infections of nerve cells. Yellow Fever A viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that causes fever, headache, back pain, nausea, and vomiting. If it reaches a second stage it can lead to much worse symptoms. b) Use the Internet to answer the following questions: • What is the name of the disease? • What are its symptoms, duration, treatment? • What are the long-term effects of this disease, if any? • Is it preventable? • Is it treatable? • How many Canadians suffer from it? • How many Malians suffer from it? • What is being done to prevent or treat the disease in Canada (nationally funded immunization programs, education, etc.)? • What is being done to prevent or treat the disease in Mali? c) Visit the resource link at Polio A viral infection that attacks the nervous systems and can lead to partial or complete paralysis. Rabies A viral infection that is spread by contact with animals infected by the disease. www.righttoplayschools.ca/teachers to find more information on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. d) Share their findings with the rest of the class or with other small groups. 3. Have the class answer the following questions: Rubella A contagious infection that causes a rash on the skin that is spread through the air or direct contact. a) What diseases are most serious in Canada? Smallpox A contagious disease that causes a rash and, later, blisters on the skin. b) What diseases are most serious in Mali? Tetanus A disease that is usually caused by the infection of a cut or wound leading to intense muscle spasm throughout the body. Listen for: Heart Disease, Cancer, Lung Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, Diabetes Listen for: Yellow Fever, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Malaria, Meningitis, Hepatitis A, Typhoid Fever, Schistosomiasis c) Can you explain these differences? d) Were there any questions you were unable to find answers for? Why do you think it is difficult to find information about health issues in Mali? Right To Play / LEARNING TO PLAY, PLAYING TO LEARN - Page 2 of 3 Mali Country Here EXTENSION ACTIVITIES: OPERATION IMMUNIZATION IN MALI e) Are there any diseases on this list for which no vaccine exists? (Malaria) f) Which disease on this list has been eradicated worldwide? (Smallpox) g) Why is the work of Right To Play so important? Activity 2: Creative Options Time: 30-45 minutes 1. Challenge students to do one of the following: a) Create a poster to promote child immunization either individually or with a partner. Note: Public Health Canada has an annual poster contest for children regarding immunization. Go to: http://www.immunize.cpha.ca/en/events/ imm-poster-contest.aspx This website also includes a Teacher’s Kit for the contest. b) Write a news report regarding the challenges of immunization in Mali. c) Write a letter (mock) or dramatize a presentation to the Mayor of a town in Canada or in Mali as to why we should immunize children. Right To Play / LEARNING TO PLAY, PLAYING TO LEARN - Page 3 of 3 Mali