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AP World summer Assignment 2015-16 Welcome to AP World History! Advanced Placement World History (APWH) is a thematic, college-level course designed to familiarize students with the broad patterns of the human experience. Students will concentrate on change and continuity over time, the unique aspects of social institutions and the common characteristics that tie them together, and the dynamics of how cultural interactions have shaped history since recorded history. Students are charged with the role of historian and will engage in a plethora of activities that encourage critical thinking and hone their ability to debate established historical interpretations and express their educated views using primary source documents. Throughout the academic year, students will actively compare cultures and look for historical patterns that stretch across units and tie all human populations together throughout history. The culmination of this course is the AP World History Exam, Thursday, May 12th, which has the potential to award students with college credit for successfully demonstrating their superior understanding of the past. The primary purpose of this summer assignment is to help students acquire the base knowledge they will need to begin the course next year. It has three parts. Be sure to read and follow the instructions precisely. Part I: A History of the World in 6 Glasses--**Due in Frau Schmid’s mailbox or inbox by 9 am. August 24th ([email protected])** This year’s AP World Summer Reading Assignment involves reading A History of the World in 6 Glasses by Tom Standage. The book is available in paperback at local bookstores (like Barnes & Noble) and online at Amazon. You can also find this book at used book sources (on-line and locally) which will save you some money. While it is preferable to have your own copy so that you can make notes in the margin or underline, you can also find it at our high school library and at the local public library. Whatever you do, DO NOT wait until the last week of summer vacation to try to get a copy of the book and do the assignment! Since AP World History focuses on big ideas, concepts, themes, and trends that have shaped world history and our world today, 6 Glasses is an excellent book to get our minds thinking in this direction. The author takes an innovative approach to world history by looking at the development of world civilizations through the prism of the beverages that people drank in various time periods. These are (in chronological order): beer, wine, spirits, coffee, tea and Coca-Cola. Disclaimer: The use of this book as a summer reading assignment in no way represents any endorsement by Frau Schmid or the Phillipsburg School District of the use or misuse of any of these beverages, alcoholic, caffeinated or otherwise. The book merely offers an innovative and (hopefully) interesting perspective to initiate our year-long discussion of world history. Our purpose in reading the book is to get a sense of how civilizations and cultures develop and how numerous forces (political, technological, economic, social, religious, cultural, ecological) all affect even the most mundaneseeming aspects of people’s daily lives. When you are drinking a coke on a hot day this summer, it is not an accident. There are historical forces at work that have put that can of coke in your hand. This book explores those forces. For this assignment, you will need to read the book and answer the following questions. Your work should be typed, double-spaced with standard margins, and be in complete sentences in your own words. Your answers should be at least a substantive paragraph in length, typed. 1. The text is organized in six sections that each considers a beverage and the time period during which that beverage was significant. Historians identify time periods in many different ways and they often disagree about the best way to identify a time period. Use the text to determine the time periods covered by each section of the text. (You may use specific dates or important events to identify the time period, and I expect that many of you will have different responses.) Use the following examples as models: a. World War II began in 1939 and ended in 1945. OR b. World War II began with Germany’s invasion of Poland and ended with Japan’s surrender to the United States. **Your answer here should be fairly short. For example: The Age of Beer began in (date) or with (event) and ended with in (date) or with (event). This is all; you should have 6 statements, one for each beverage.* 2. Standage wrote that “beer was not invented but discovered.” (11) Explain the reasoning behind this statement. Using this reasoning, evaluate the origins of the other five beverages as either “discoveries” or “inventions”. 3. The Greek symposion and the Roman convivium represent two different views of civilization. Use Standage’s descriptions of symposion and convivium to construct your own definition of “civilization”. 4. Standage wrote that spirits were “the result of the convergence of materials, people, and technologies from around the world, and the product of several intersecting historical forces.” (111) Identify the materials, technologies, and historical forces that are discussed in the text. 5. Identify the similarities and differences between a coffeehouse, a symposion, and a convivium. 6. Standage titled Chapter 8 “The Coffeehouse Internet.” (151) Explain the term using evidence drawn from the text. 7. “The rise of tea was entangled with the growth of Britain as a world power and set the stage for expansion of its commercial and imperial might”. Agree or disagree with this statement based on your reading of the text. Explain. 8. Use evidence from the chapters on Coca-Cola to explain the meaning of “globalization”. 9. Standage claimed that “the six beverages in this book demonstrate the complex interplay of different civilizations and the interconnectedness of the world cultures”. Evaluate this claim and defend your position. *Make sure you have a clear topic sentence that states your position and make sure you defend that position.* 10. Often times, a text is as important for what it does not say as it is for what it does say. Think about the many beverages that were left out of A History of the World in Six Glasses and consider why Standage chose to leave water and milk out of the story Part II: Human Pre-History Exploration—Due first day of school, Aug. 31st While the AP World History curriculum technically begins firmly in the Neolithic Era (c.8000 BCE-3500 BCE), it is important to have a base knowledge of Upper Paleolithic Era (c.40,000 BCE to c.10,000 BCE; also known as the "Stone Age") patterns before the rise of sedentary agriculture. For thousands of years leading up to the Neolithic Revolution, human beings relied on a hunter-gatherer form of existence – a way of life that still exists today in parts of South America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia. While hunting and gathering may seem to some today as a brutish existence, it has worked remarkably well and actually enjoyed some advantages over early sedentary farming life. The survival skill set that early humans developed during the Paleolithic Era allowed human beings to spread throughout the globe at a surprising pace. By 12,000 BCE human beings could be found on six of the world's seven continents. The purpose of this section is to introduce you to the movement of humans during the Paleolithic period, the hunter-gatherer lifestyle they employed to survive, and the slow transition toward sedentary agriculture during the Neolithic Revolution. Please note that this section will require a mixture of readings from the internet and a recent article from National Geographic, "The Greatest Journey". You will need to respond to the THREE questions listed below after you have read ALL of the material. Please note that the questions are designed to make you think critically about what you have read and combine multiple sources to arrive at a single, well written answer. In other words, you cannot simply hunt down a passage or two to find an answer – you have to read and understand the entire material to create an answer! This sort of thinking will define your AP experience in the coming year. Remember, if you are ever completely stumped, please email me for help. Make sure you USE YOUR OWN WORDS! Each answer will likely be at least a page in length, typed and double spaced, if it is to adequately address the entire question. Readings & Exploratories--Please complete them in the following order: 1. "The Greatest Journey", National Geographic, March 2006. (http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2006/03/humanjourney/shreeve-text/1) Please note that this article is 5 pages and you will need to click “Continue” at the bottom to continue reading the article. 2. An excellent map that accompanies the article can be found online at http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0603/feature2/images/mp_download.2.pdf 3. Explore these websites: http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/journey/, http://www.becominghuman.org/, and https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/human-journey/ to learn more about early humans and their migrations. 4. Read "Human Life in the Era of Hunters and Gatherers" developed by History-World.org at http://historyworld.org/paleolithic2.htm Question for Readings 1-4 (this question should require about ½-1 typed page to answer.) A. Explain how human technological and social development fostered the rapid movement of people throughout the globe during the latter phases of the Paleolithic Era (c.60,000 BCE to 12,000 BCE). Be sure to include how these developments allowed early hunter-gatherers to cope with various environmental pressures and challenges as they moved from continent to continent. Readings & Exploratories--Please complete them in the following order: 5. Read "Agriculture and the Origins of Civilization: The Neolithic Revolution" developed by History-World.org at http://history-world.org/neolithic.htm 6. Read "The Neolithic Transition" developed by History-World.org at http://history-world.org/neolithic1.htm Questions for Readings 5-6 (each question should require about ½ - 1 typed page to answer) B. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of adopting a sedentary agricultural lifestyle. To answer this question, you will need to look at the factors that motivated formerly nomadic peoples to settle down and adopt a sedentary lifestyle. What were some of the benefits? Were there any negative consequences of settling down? How did the social roles of men & women change--especially for women? Explain which lifestyle YOU feel is the most advantageous and why. C. How does the spread of agriculture during the Neolithic period compare to the spread of human beings during the Paleolithic Era? (In other words, how do the geographic patterns of agriculture's spread differ from that of earlier human movements? Did agriculture spread from Africa as humans had, or were there other points of origin?) Part III: World Geography—Due first day of school, August 31st The map below depicts the major world regions used in the AP World History Course. You MUST become familiar with these large regions as a prerequisite to a serious exploration of World History. 1. What are the names of the fifteen APWH regions on the map? You will need to do an Internet search in order to discover this information. Write the answers in the chart below. Also, for each region on the map, write down the name of one country in that region. (I will post this on my website so that you can see the different colors.) Colors and Tips 1. Royal Blue 2. Orange 3. Brown 4. Light Green 5. Lavender (Light Purple) 6. Pink 7. Teal (greyish-green, South) 8. Grey 9. Dark, Forest Green 10. Very light blue (North) 11. Moss Green (above yellow) 12. Yellow 13. Blue 14. Red 15. Maroon Region Name One Country within Region Neatly label the world maps with the land and water features listed below in the colors indicated in parentheses. Use the numbers next to the terms and that should help you fit them on the map. Use more than one map to identify these places. For instance, use 1 map for continents and deserts, and 1 map for seas, rivers, oceans, bays, and lakes, and 1 map for the mountains and other important places. Continents (Red) 1. North America 2. South America 3. Australia 4. Europe 5. Antarctica 6. Asia 7. Africa Deserts (indicate with striped green lines) 1. Gobi 2. Kalahari 3. Sahara 4. Thar 5. Sierra Madre 6. Mojave 7. Arabian Desert 8. Great Sandy Desert Oceans, Seas, Bays, Lakes (Blue) 1. Atlantic Ocean (1N North and 1S South) 2. Pacific Ocean (2N North and 2S South) 3. Indian Ocean 4. Arctic Ocean 5. North Sea 6. Baltic Sea 7. English Channel 8. Norwegian Sea 9. Barents Sea 10. Mediterranean Sea 11. Adriatic Sea 12. Aegean Sea 13. Black Sea 14. Caspian Sea 15. Great Lakes 16. Red Sea 17. Persian Gulf 18. Arabian Sea 19. Bay of Bengal 20. South China Sea 21. East China Sea 22. Yellow Sea 23. Sea of Japan 24. Caribbean 25. Hudson Bay 26. Cape of Good Hope 27. Cape Horn 28. Gulf of Guinea 29. Ionian Sea 30. Bering Sea Rivers (Blue) 1. Nile River 2. Tigris 3. Euphrates 4. Amazon River 5. Mississippi River 6. Rio Grande River 7. Indus River 8. Yellow River (Hwang He) 9. Yangtze 10. Ganges River 11. Irrawaddy River 12. Mekong 13. Congo 14. Volga 15. Danube 16. Rhine 17. Niger 18. Brahmaputra 19. Zambezi 20. Dnieper Mountains & Other Important Places (Black) 1. Himilayas 2. Caucasus 3. Andes 4. Hindu Kush 5. Ural 6. Alps 7. Atlas 8. Pyrenees 9. Balkan Peninsula 10. Iberian Peninsula 11. Asia Minor 12. Anatolia 13. Sinai Peninsula 14. Strait of Gibraltar 15. Panama Canal 16. Yucatan Peninsula 17. Horn of Africa 18. Sri Lanka 19. Mesoamerica 20. Madagascar 21. New Zealand 22. Australia 23. Suez Canal 24. Siberia 25. Manchuria During the first week of school, we’ll have a geography quiz on some of these terms. I encourage you to go to www.ilike2learn.com and/or http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Geography.htm to play geography review games to practice. Evaluation Rubric Part I: A History of the World in 6 Glasses Questions (200 pts) Accuracy, Quality, and Depth of Answers—20 pts. Each Part II: Human Pre-History Exploration (120 pts) Accuracy, Quality and Depth of 3 Answers—40 pts. Each Part III: World Geography (45 pts.) Accuracy of APWH Regions Chart—15 pts. Accuracy of 3 Labeled World Maps—30 pts. **Remember—Part I is due to Frau Schmid by 9 am. August 24th. Parts II and III are due the first day of school, August 31st. Late assignments will not be accepted.** If you have any questions about this summer assignment, please don’t hesitate to email me at: [email protected] and I will respond as soon as possible. Also you will need to go to my AP World website in order to complete the chart above. Go to the Phillipsburg High School home page, and under Staff Information, click on Social Studies, then my name, Mrs. Schmid, and then AP World. I will be working on placing materials on the website during the summer, but first I will place a copy of this assignment on it so that you can complete the chart of APWH regions. A NOTE ABOUT PLAGIARISM: Plagiarism or intentionally passing off someone else's work as your own is intellectual dishonesty. Because historical research and learning are best done in groups, collaboration with classmates is expected. However, all work on tests must be individual and any work done outside of class must be written entirely IN YOUR OWN WORDS. Any quotations from references must be properly attributed on written papers. Cheating of this kind will result in an automatic 0 for the individual or individuals, and the assignment will be redone or another assignment will be given instead. Your parents will also be notified. Enjoy the summer, Happy Reading, & Do not wait until the end of the summer to start! I’m looking forward to meeting all of you on August 31st!