Download 1.2 organic molecules supplemental worksheet

Name: Standard: 1.2 - Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories
of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids).
Question 1: Plant species such as the sesame plant and the coconut palm have large amounts of lipids in their seeds. What is the most likely function of these lipids? Question 2: Cellulose is a compound found in plants. It is made of a long chain of molecules with ringed structures. The molecules contain mostly carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a ratio of approximately 1 carbon : 2 hydrogen : 1 oxygen. To which category of biological molecules does cellulose belong? Question 3: Many enzymes are found in the cytoplasm of human body cells. These enzymes are which type of biological molecule? Question 4: Fructose, sucrose, and starch are all examples of…. Question 5: The table below provides information about the composition and function of four important molecules in
living organisms. Complete the table.
Molecule
Composition
Function
1
amino acids
reaction
catalyst
2
fatty acids
membrane
component
3
monosaccharides
energy
source
4
nucleotides
genetic
information
Category of Organic Molecule
Name an example
Question 6: A student is preparing to run in a school track competition. For the quickest source of energy, the student should eat a food that contains a high percentage of… Question 7: Which type of molecule in the yolk of a chicken egg provides the most energy for a developing chick? Question 8: Fatty acids are one of the products that result from the action of lipase in the digestive system. What is one way that fatty acids are used in the body? Question 9: Describe the composition of a nucleotide… Question 10: What is the main reason that humans need to include carbohydrates in their diet? Standard: 1.2 - Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories
of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids).
The diagram below shows the molecular structure of glucose.
Glucose is a simple carbohydrate that is important to living organisms.
a. Describe the primary function of glucose in cells.
b. Simple sugars like glucose can be used to make larger organic molecules. Identify two larger
molecules made from simple sugars.
c. Identify a specific cellular process that would be affected by a glucose shortage, and discuss the
effects of the shortage on the process you identified.
For each type of organic molecule, draw and label the structure of an example molecule. 1) Carbohydrate 2) Nucleic Acid 3) Fat/lipid 4) Protein Performance Indicators Rubric Chemistry of Life Needs Improvement Identifies some of the most common elements found in organisms and the four biologically important categories of molecules Proficient Advanced Identifies the six most Describes the functions of common elements found in carbohydrates, lipids, organisms and describes how proteins, and nucleic acids and very few elements make up relates their structures to the structure of biological functions molecules Classifies organic molecules into one of the four biologically important categories and describes some basic functions of these molecules