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Meiosis
Two Kinds of Reproduction
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Asexual Reproduction: 1 makes 2
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Sexual Reproduction: 2 makes 1
Asexual Reproduction
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Only 1 parent is needed for reproduction. Mitosis
replicates the internal structures (DNA), then the
cell divides in two.
!
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Bacteria use binary fission which is also asexual.
Sexual Reproduction
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Two makes one.
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Two parent cells join together to form a new
individual.
What are sex cells
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Parent cells which have half the number of
chromosomes as body cells. The male sex cell is
called sperm, and the female is called the egg.
Homologous Chromosomes
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Pairs of identical chromosomes. In a regular body
cell chromosomes are paired up with an identical
chromosome. This results in a double the number
of chromosomes.
Meiosis
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Meiosis produces new cells with half the number of
chromosomes. The chromosomes are copied once
and the nucleus divides twice.
Genes
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Segments of DNA that carry hereditary instructions
and are passed from parents to offspring. They are
located on the chromosome.
What are Sex Chromosomes
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Sex chromosomes carry the gene that determines if
the offspring is male or female. Females have two
X chromosomes and males have one X and one Y.