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Transcript
Artificial Intelligence: Introduction Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur What is AI? • Acting humanly – Turing Test (1950) • The computer is interrogated by a human via a teletype • It passes if the human cannot tell if there is a computer or human at the other end – – – – – Natural Language Processing Knowledge Representation Automated Reasoning Machine Learning Computer vision and Robotics CSE, IIT Kharagpur 2 What is AI? • Thinking humanly – Cognitive Science • The study of how we do what we do • How to make the computer do it in the same way • Thinking rationally – Formal Logic CSE, IIT Kharagpur 3 Fundamentals • The notion of expressing computation as an algorithm • Godel’s Incompleteness Theorem (1931): – In any language expressive enough to describe the properties of natural numbers, there are true statements that are undecidable: that is, their truth cannot be established by any algorithm. • Church-Turing Thesis (1936): – The Turing machine is capable of computing any computable function – This is the accepted definition of computability • The notion of intractability – NP-completeness – Reduction CSE, IIT Kharagpur 4 Course Outline • Problem solving by search – State space search, Problem reduction search, Game playing • Logic and deduction – First-order logic, Temporal logic, Deduction • • • • Planning Reasoning under Uncertainty Learning Additional Topics CSE, IIT Kharagpur 5