Download Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology Question: Which strand

Chapter 7
Essentials of Molecular Biology
Brock Biology of Microorganisms, Twelfth Edition
– Madigan / Martinko / Dunlap / Clark
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Questions by Dr. Michelle Furlong
and Dr. Francine Norflus
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which strand on the DNA will be used
to produce the mRNA molecule when
transcription occurs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the 5’ to 3’ strand
the 3’ to 5’ strand
the 5’ to 5’ strand
the 3’ to 3’ strand
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following statements
describes the central dogma of molecular
biology?
A.
B.
C.
D.
DNA makes RNA makes protein
RNA makes DNA makes protein
Protein makes DNA makes RNA
Protein makes RNA makes DNA
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following statements
is true?
A. during replication, DNA is duplicated producing two
double helices
B. during replication, DNA is duplicated producing four
double helices
C. during transcription, DNA is duplicated producing two
double helices
D. during transcription, DNA is duplicated producing four
double helices
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: The protein molecule is labeled,
from left to right, _______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
5’ and 3’
3’ and 5’
NH2 and COOH
COOH and NH2
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following processes
does NOT occur in the nucleus?
A.
B.
C.
D.
DNA replication
transcription
translation
RNA processing
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: All of the following about the
structure of RNA are correct except
_______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
RNA stands for ribonucleic acid
RNA is single stranded
RNA contains the bases C, G, A, and T
RNA contains the sugar ribose
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Deoxyribose (in DNA) has a
_______________ group on the _______________
carbon.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
hydrogen; 2’
hydroxyl; 2’
hydroxyl; 3’
a and b
a and c
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Cytosine and guanine join together by
_______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
2 hydrogen bonds
3 hydrogen bonds
2 phosphodiester bonds
3 phosphodiester bonds
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: The structure of the two strands of
DNA can be described as _______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
complementary and parallel
complementary and antiparallel
not complementary and parallel
not complementary and antiparallel
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following are examples of
purines?
A.
B.
C.
D.
guanine and thymine
adenine and thymine
guanine and cytosine
adenine and guanine
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following lists contains a
word that does not pertain to DNA replication?
A.
B.
C.
D.
leading strand, ligase, DNA polymerase
lagging strand, primer, helicase
single-strand binding protein, replication fork, promoter
DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, ligase
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: If primase were mutated, what
would be the most significant effect on DNA
replication?
A.
B.
C.
D.
no synthesis of RNA
the DNA helix could not fully unwind
the DNA helix would reanneal
the pieces of DNA on the lagging strand could not be
ligated together
E. DNA polymerase could not dimerize
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following statements
concerning DNA replication is incorrect?
A.
B.
C.
D.
replication uses deoxyribonucleotides
in replication, both strands of the DNA are used
replication requires a primer
in replication, there is unidirectional synthesis of
the DNA
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: What of the following enzymes has
5’
3’ exonuclease activity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
DNA polymerase I
DNA polymerase III
helicase
ligase
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: DNA polymerase III adds new
deoxynucleotides to the _______________ end(s)
of the existing DNA strand.
A.
B.
C.
D.
5’
3’
both 5’ and 3’
neither 5’ nor 3’
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following is a signal
for the initiation of transcription?
A.
B.
C.
D.
AUG codon
origin of replication
sigma factor recognizes the promoter
sigma factor recognizes the operator
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: The RNA produced from the DNA
transcript in transcription goes from
_______________ when reading from left to
right.
A.
B.
C.
D.
3’ to 5’
5’ to 3’
amino to carboxyl
carboxyl to amino
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following sequences
is the consensus sequence for the -35 region
of the promoter in bacteria?
A.
B.
C.
D.
TTGACA
TATAAT
GGCCAATCT
ACTAG
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following causes
termination of transcription?
A.
B.
C.
D.
reaching a stop codon
the Shine Delgarno sequence
stem loop structure in the RNA followed by a string of Us
the KOZAK box
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: A group of related genes that are
transcribed together to give a single
polycistronic mRNA is called a(n)
_______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
operator
repressor
operon
inducer
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Initiation of protein synthesis in
prokaryotes requires _______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Shine-Dalgarno sequence and AUG codon
Kozak box and AUG codon
sigma factor of RNA polymerase
stem loop structure in the RNA
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following results in
termination of protein synthesis in
prokaryotes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Rho factor
sigma factor of RNA polymerase
stem loop structure followed by a string of Us
stop codon
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: The mRNA contains the
_______________ and binds with the tRNA,
which contains the _______________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
anticodon; codon
codon; anticodon
amino acid; codon
amino acid; anticodon
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: Which of the following steps in
translation requires ATP and not GTP?
A.
B.
C.
D.
formation of the initiation complex
dissociation of the ribosome subunits
the charging of the amino acid onto the tRNA
peptide bond formation
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Chapter 7: Essentials of Molecular Biology
Question: If there is a mutation in the 3rd base in
the mRNA, this will _______________change the
protein produced.
A. sometimes
B. always
C. never
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.