Download 2nd-9-weeks-study-guide-for-2016

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STUDY GUIDE 2ND 9 WEEKS EXAM
Scientific Method and Engineering Design
scientific method
hypothesis
model
temperature
volume
meter
mass
density
controlled experiment
variable
technology
engineering
engineering design process
Cells
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
unicellular
multicellular
cell membrane
plasma membrane
cells
organelles
cytoplasm
nucleus
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
bacteria
cell wall
ribosome
organelles
Movement into and out of cells
diffusion
osmosis
passive transport
active transport
endocytosis
exocytosis
prototype
prosthesis
cost benefit analysis
bioengineering
assistive bioengineering
area
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
chloroplast
golgi complex
vesicle
vacuole
lysosomes
DNA
cytokinesis
mitosis
chromatids
cell cycle
centromere
chromosome
binary fission
homologous chromosomes
Human Body Systems
Integumentary
Respiratory
Lymphatic
Endocrine
Reproductive
Digestive
Muscular
Skeletal
Urinary
Nervous
Cardiovascular
Asexual/Sexual Reproduction; Flowers and Pollination; Photosynthesis and Respiration
petal
sepals
pistil
stamen
stigma
style
asexual reproduction
imperfect
fission
cloning
artificial insemination
egg
ovary
ovule
anther
pollen
filament
pollinators
sexual reproduction
regeneration
budding
external fertilization
hermaphrodism
sperm
pollination
fertilization
conjugation
angiosperm
self- pollination
cross pollination
perfect
runners
cuttings
internal Fertilization
corolla
Flow of Matter and Energy
photosynthesis
chloroplast
chlorophyll
xylem
phloem
stomata
transpiration
guard cells
respiration
root hairs
decomposition
word equation for
photosynthesis
combustion
cuticle
fossil fuels
Heredity
heredity
recessive trait
dominant trait
gene
allele
phenotype
genotype
probability
Punnett square
homologous chromosome
meiosis
mitosis
sex chromosome
pedigree
cross-pollination
selective breeding
purebred
hybrid
heterozygous
homozygous dominant
homozygous recessive
self- pollination
incomplete dominance
Genes and DNA
DNA mutation phosphate transcription RNA base replication
Protein synthesis translation nucleotide gene
sugar
tRNA
proteins
ribosomes
mRNA
Concepts to Know:
1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the 6 steps of the scientific method?
What are the basic steps of a lab report?
What are the 3 kinds of models?
What are the basic lab tools that were covered in class? Be able to recognize the
different lab tools. List them all!
5. What are the different safety sign warnings commonly found in a science classroom?
Draw the different pictures and label what they stand for.
6. Explain which science tools you would need to measure length, area, fluid volume,
volume of a solid, mass, density, and temperature.
7. What are the standard units for length, area, volume, mass, density, and temperature?
8. What is a controlled experiment? What must be in a controlled experiment?
9. What are the Benefits and limitations of each type of model?
10. What is engineering?
11. How do you know if you have a good hypothesis?
12. What are assistive bioengineered devices?
13. What are the parts that make up a microscope?
14. What is the only factor that differs between the control group and experimental group?
15. Why is it important to have a control group?
16. What is a prototype and why is it used?
17. What are the steps of the Engineering design process?
18. What is true of scientific theory? Scientific law?
19. Draw and explain the differences between the plant cell and animal cell under the
compound light microscope.
20. Who discovered cells, and what he was looking at?
21. Who was the first person to see single celled organisms?
22. What 3 things did Leeuwenhoek first to see or discover?
23. What are 3 organs found in animals?
24. What are 3 organs found in plants?
25. What is the relationship among cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems?
26. What is the function of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems?
27. What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?
28. What are 3 similarities between plant and animal cells?
29. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
30. What are the functions of these organelles that both plant and animals have in common?
(nucleus, nucleolus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosome, mitochondria, endoplasmic
reticulum, golgi complex, ribosomes, DNA, and lysosome).
31. What 3 organelles are found only in plant cells? Explain the function of each
32. Draw and label the basic structure of BOTH an animal and plant cell.
33. What is diffusion?
34. How does osmosis occurs?
35. What is the difference between passive and active transport?
36. How do large particles get into and out of cells?
37. What are the 3 stages of the cell cycle?
38. What are the 4 phases of mitosis?
39. What are the six steps of the cell cycle?
40. Draw a series of diagrams showing the movement of chromosomes during mitosis.
41. What is the difference in animal and plant cell division? What does a plant cell division
have that an animal cell does not?
42. Draw a flower and Label the Parts of flower. Below the picture write out each part of
the flower and include that parts function.
43. List the 3 steps of pollination from the “Flower Facts” handout.
44. Write all the different types of Asexual/ Sexual Reproduction and the types of organisms
that reproduce that way. Also include the definition with the type of Asexual/Sexual
reproduction.
45. List the advantages and disadvantages of Asexual and sexual reproduction.
46. Ovule – egg inside becomes a __________when fertilized
47. Ovary becomes a _________________.
48. Vegetative propagation=____________ Reproduction
49. List the Formulas for Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration also label the reactants
and products within the formula.
50. What are the functions of guard cells, stomata (stoma), cuticle, and epidermis on a leaf?
51. What is the difference between xylem and phloem?
52. What is the purpose of the roots, stem, and leaf of a plant?
53. Where are chloroplasts and stomatas located on a leaf? What are their functions?
54. What are the various parts of the carbon/oxygen cycle?
55. Where does water and gases enter and leave a plant?
56. What is the difference between general respiration and cellular respiration?
57. How is oxygen and carbon exchanged between living things and the environment?
58. Where does photosynthesis and cellular respiration takes place?
59. What are the 4 types of breathing? Give examples of organisms that breathe that way.
60. What is a phenotype?
61. What is a genotype? What are the three types of Genotypes?
62. How was Mendel able to cross breed pea plants?
63. How does mitosis compare to meiosis?
64. Construct a Punnett square with two heterozygous genotypes.
65. What is the percent chance that the dominate trait will get passed down in the above punnett
square?
66. In Mendel’s experiments when did recessive traits show up?
67. How do human body cells reproduce?
68. What is the difference between the way sex cells reproduce and other human cells reproduce?
69. What happens when there is incomplete dominance between two traits?
70. How do you determine the probability a trait will appear given the genotype of the parents?
71. How many chromosomes are in sex cells?
72. Where are genes located?
73. Who discovered that the amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine in DNA and
the amount of guanine always equals the amount of cytosine in DNA?
74. What did Watson and Crick’s model of DNA look like?
75. DNA used to identify a committed crime is called what?
76. Where are proteins synthesized by messenger RNA and transfer RNA?
77. What does a DNA molecule look like?
78. What is the material made of amino acids that cause most of the differences we see in
organisms?
79. What does DNA stand for?
80. What are the main organs for each of the 11 body systems we discussed in class?
81. What are the functions for each of the 11 body systems we discussed in class?