Download Summary of Anatomy Lecture 20: Important Slides/Concepts **Note

Summary of Anatomy Lecture 20: Important Slides/Concepts
**Note that for anatomy I will focus more on disorders, problems with nerves, etc. than the actual
anatomy. For OIA look at some of the other reviews on vcomcc.com. Also, Dr. Paulman is a little harder
to guess at than others, so this is my best estimate of what will be the most important!
Slide 7 (LIKELY A TEST QUESTION)
Lumbar Plexus (L1-L5)
Iliohypogastric / ilioinguinal (L1)
Genitofemoral (L1,2)
-medial thigh and genitals
Lateral femoral cutaneous (L2,3)
-lateral thigh
Obturator (L2-4)
-medial compartment of thigh
(adductors)
Femoral (L2-L4)
-anterior compartment of thigh
(quads) (flexors of hip,
extensors of leg)
Lumbosacral trunk (L4,5)
-join the lumbar nerves to the
sacral nerves
-superior and inferior gluteal
arise from here
Slide 8
-Obturator Nerve Injury
-Problems with adduction and altered gait
Slide 9
-Femoral Nerve Injury
-Cannot extend the leg or flex the hip
Slide 10
-Piriformis muscle is the landmark between the superior gluteal nerve and inferior gluteal nerve
Slide 11
-Pudendal Nerve Injury
-arises from the sacral plexus and goes through greater sciatic foramen and re-enters
through lesser sciatic foramen
-if lesioned numbness in perineum and loss of sexual function (often seen in males who bike)
Slide 12
-Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
-innervates the largest patch of sensory material on the body (posterior thigh)
-if lesioned lose sensation in that area
Slide 13
-Sciatic Nerve Injury (L4-S3)
-NO MOTOR INNERVATION IN THE GLUTEAL AREA!! Only sensory
-All motor & sensory innervation to posterior thigh, leg and foot
- Splits into tibial and common fibular
-function in the lower leg is lost if this is damaged
Slide 15
-The thigh has three compartments (anterior, posterior, medial)
-The leg has three compartments (anterior, posterior, lateral)
**much more likely to develop compartment syndrome in the leg
Slide 18
**This diagram is simplified. The aorta splits into TWO common iliac arteries, and then everything
basically has a right and left. This is just clearing away the confusion.
AORTA
COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
FEMORAL A.
DEEP FEMORAL A.
INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
PUDENDAL A.
S./I. GLUTEAL A.
OBTURATOR A.
POPLITEAL A.
PROFUNDA FEMORIS A.
PERFORATING A.
Slide 20 (LIKELY A TEST QUESTION)
-Veins have tributaries, arteries have branches!
-Veins do not branch, they come together!
-Veins will originate distally and bring blood TO the heart
-In an operation don’t put veins from the lower extremities in backwards because they
have one-way valves!
Slide 22 (LIKELY A TEST QUESTION)
-Know your dermatomes