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Layers of the Earth Crust • Crust-Like the shell of an egg is very thin (roughly 5km thick). Mostly Silica and Oxygen. Very brittle. • Continental crust is thick. Made of granite. • Oceanic crust is thin. Made of basalt. Moho • Moho: Boundary between crust and mantle. • Marked by a change in velocity of seismic waves. • Mantle • Mantle: Dense, hot layer of semi-solid (like liquid plastic) rock. • Mostly iron and magnesium. Like the white part of a boiled egg. • Upper mantle is solid. • Lower mantle moves slowly. Liquid Outer Core • Liquid Outer Core: Spins and makes earth’s magnetic field. • Liquid due to intense heat. • Made of iron and nickel alloy. • Causes Earth’s magnetic field. Solid Inner Core • Solid Inner Core is extremely hot and made of iron and nickel alloy. • Like the yolk of an egg. • Solid due to immense pressure! Lithosphere • Lithosphere: Includes crust and upper mantle. • A tectonic plate is made of lithosphere. • Continental lithosphere is made of granite and is thick. • Oceanic lithosphere is made of basalt and is thin. Asthenosphere • Asthenosphere: Makes up lower mantle. • Iron and magnesium. • Flows and moves.
