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Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acid Basics • Contain instructions to build proteins • 2 types: – DNA – RNA • Composed of smaller units called nucleotides – Monomer: Nucleotide – Polymer: Nucleic acid Nucleotide Structure • Three parts – Sugar molecule – Phosphate group – Nitrogen base (A, T, C, or G) • Nucleotides combine to make nucleic acids • Instructions for cell to make proteins Monomers link to make polymers! Nucleic Acids Monomer = Nucleotide Polymer = Nucleic acid How many nucleotides are pictured? Six What is this chain of nucleotides called? Nucleic acid DNA • Double Helix: 2 chains of nucleotides • Four DNA bases: Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine – A pairs with T – C pairs with G T C C G (can you predict the missing bases?) • Gene: section of DNA that codes for a protein A RNA • Single chain of nucleotides • RNA bases: Adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine • Function: Help cells with the creation of proteins U C U G A Review 1) Name the monomer of nucleic acids. 2) How are the four nitrogen bases of DNA abbreviated? 3) What does the phosphate molecule of a nucleotide bond with? 4) If the DNA nitrogen bases were TACCGGAT, how would the attached DNA strand read? 5) How are DNA and RNA different?