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The Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems cartilage • a soft, flexible tissue that makes up most of the skeleton of an infant and is found in the nose, ears, and the at the end of long bones of adults tendons • a strong connective tissue that connects muscles to bones ligaments • a strong connective tissue that holds bones together at movable joints bone • solid living tissue that makes up the skeleton and supports the body red bone marrow • the part of a bone that produces blood cells contract • when a muscle gets shorter relax • when a muscle returns to its original length joints • a place where two bones come together hinge joints gliding joint ball-and-socket joint pivot joint immovable joint ball-and-socket joint • joints that consist of a bone with a rounded end that fits into a cuplike cavity on another bone • joint that provides a wide range of motion. Examples: • shoulders • hips hinge joints • joints that move in a back-and-forth movement • joints that have a smaller range of motion and are not dislocated as easily Examples: • knees • elbows • fingers pivot joint • joints that have one bone that rotates in a ring of another bone that does not move Examples: • turning your head • twisting your forearm saddle or gliding joint • joints that have one part of a bone that slides over another bone Examples: • Wrists • Ankles • Between vertebrae immovable joint • a joint which allows little or no movement Examples: • skull • pelvis What are the 3 types of muscle tissue? • Skeletal muscles • Smooth muscles • Cardiac muscles melanin the pigment that gives skin its color fatty layer the inner-most layer of skin; also called the subcutaneous layer. (hypodermis) 6. sweat pores openings in the skin where sweat comes out 4. sweat gland dermis the inner layer of the skin 3. hair follicles structures in the skin where hair grows 5. epidermis the outermost layer of the skin 1. voluntary muscles • muscles that are under your control skeletal muscle • the type of muscle tissue that connects to bone; they pull on bones to make them move (also called striated muscle) smooth muscle • muscles that are found in many organs such as the stomach or the walls of veins • not usually under conscious control cardiac muscle • muscle tissue found only in the heart involuntary muscles • muscles that are not under your control Muscular System Name the organs of this system. • Muscles • Tendons Integumentary System Name the organs of this system. • Skin • Hair • Nails Skeletal System Name the organs of this system. • bones • ligaments • cartilage Skeletal System Name the functions of this organ system. • • • • • Supports the body Protects internal organs Stores minerals Enables the body to move Produces blood cells Integumentary System Name the functions of this organ system. • is a barrier against infection • regulates body temperature Muscular System Name the functions of this organ system. • Helps to move the body • Helps blood to circulate • Helps food move through digestive system Muscular System Name the functions of this organ system. • Helps to move the body (skeletal muscles) • Helps blood to circulate (cardiac muscle) • Helps food move through digestive system (smooth muscle) Muscle Tissue skeletal Location Function Voluntary or Involuntary voluntary attached to bones pull bones to make them move smooth Internal organs (ex. stomach, walls of veins) they move food through digestive system cardiac heart only pumps blood involuntary through body; controls the contractions of the heart Involuntary oil gland 2.