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Transcript
The Fall of Rome Daily Lesson and Discussion Notes: 1-2 Objectives: Explain how poor leadership, a declining economy, and attacks by Germanic tribes helped weaken the Roman Empire Discuss how invasions throughout the empire led to the fall of Rome Identify the contributions of Rome in fields such as government, law, language, and the arts Objective 1: Explain how poor leadership, a declining economy, and attacks by Germanic tribes helped weaken the Roman Empire I. The Decline of Rome (pages 145-147) A. After Aurelius’s death, Commodus and the Severans ruled Rome. B. After the Severans’ rule ended, Rome’s leadership grew weak, and the government grew corrupt. C. With a weak government, the economy worsened and law and order broke down. D. Inflation, or rapidly increasing prices, occurred because money became less valuable. Many people began to barter, or exchange goods without using money. E. Invaders began pushing into the empire’s territory, and the Roman government could not pay Roman soldiers. F. Emperor Diocletian tried to establish reforms, or political changes, that would improve the political and economic situation. G. Emperor Constantine tried to stop the empire’s decline. He moved the capital city to Byzantium, and the city later became known as Constantinople. Objective 1: Explain how poor leadership, a declining economy, and attacks by Germanic tribes helped weaken the Roman Empire Poor leadership: Rulers were weak, ineffective, and corrupt; there was no system for choosing a new emperor; talented people refused to serve in the government Social problems: few people attended school; large part of population was now enslaved; disease and famine spread Economy: many wealthy citizens refused to pay taxes; people purchased few goods; businesses closed; government put less gold in coins leading to inflation Invasions: Roman government could no longer pay Romans to fight in army – had to rely on non-Romans who were not loyal Objective 2: Discuss how invasions through out the empire led to the fall of Rome II. Rome Falls (pages 149-151) A. Theodosius became emperor after Constantine’s death. After Theodosius died, the empire was split into two separate empires: the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire. B. The Visigoths feared the Huns and asked Rome for protection. In exchange, Rome required the Visigoths to be loyal to them. C. The Visigoths rebelled against the Romans and beat the Romans at the Battle of Adrianople. D. More Germanic groups invaded Roman territory. E. The Visigoth leader Alaric and his soldiers captured the city of Rome and burned it. F. The Vandals overpowered Rome’s territories in Spain and northern Africa. Then they entered Rome and destroyed buildings. G. Odoacer was a Germanic leader who took control of Rome’s government from the emperor Romulus Augustulus. This event marked the end of the Western Roman Empire. H. A band of Visigoths killed Odoacer and set up a kingdom in Italy. I. The Eastern Roman Empire continued to prosper after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It became known as the Byzantine Empire. Objective 2: Discuss how invasions throughout the empire led to the fall of Rome Numerous invasions by Germanic peoples led to the fall of Rome in 476 AD Objective 3: Identify the contributions of Rome in fields such as government, law, language, and the arts III. The Legacy of Rome (pages 152-153) A. The laws and government of the United States today were influenced by the laws and government of the ancient Romans. B. The alphabet of the Latin language is used throughout the Western world today. Many European languages stemmed from Latin. Many English words come from Latin. C. Western architecture uses styles of the Romans, such as domes and arches. D. Christianity began and spread in the Roman Empire. Objective 3: Identify the contributions of Rome in fields such as government, law, language, and the arts Government: the best form of government is a republic made up of equal citizens; a republic works best if citizens participate in government Law: Roman ideas about law still exist – all people are equal under the law; we expect our judges to decide cases fairly; and we consider a person innocent until proven guilty Language: Latin became the basis of many languages; the Latin alphabet is used throughout the Western world Art/Architecture: Roman architectural styles – domes and arches – are still used in public buildings (state capital buildings, Washington D.C.) today