Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Minerals Are: * Solid, inorganic materials that form naturally on or beneath the Earth’s surface. •Have a definite chemical composition. •Usually solid. High temp. inside the Earth can melt them. •Naturally Occurring – not man-made. Formed as a result of processes in the natural world. •Inorganic – not made from things that were once alive. •Have definite crystal structure – repeating patterns of a mineral’s atoms. •Definite Chemical Composition – Each type of mineral has the same proportions of the same elements. How Mineral Form • Most minerals form when molten material (magma) cools and hardens inside Earth or on the surface • Some form when a solution evaporates on Earth’s surface – Ex. Halite NaCl How Minerals are Formed • If magma or lava cool slowly then large crystals will form – Ex. Quartz • If magma or lava cool quickly the small crystals will form – Ex. Feldspar Identify Minerals •Look at the Properties – characteristics that make the mineral different from other minerals. Ways to Identify: •Hardness •Color •Streak •Luster •Cleavage •Density Identifying Minerals • Hardness- use Moh’s hardness scale p 95 of textbook Color • Not good to use. • Several minerals come in different colors. Streak • - color of the mineral’s powder found when the mineral is rubbed on a piece of tile Luster • - how a mineral reflects light: glassy, pearly, metallic, and earthy Cleavage & Fracture •Cleavage: split apart easily along flat surfaces. •Fracture: irregular surface where it breaks Cleavage Fracture Density • Density = mass/volume • Use a balance to find mass in grams • Use a graduated cylinder to find volume in milliliters Other Properties: • Chemical reaction: fizzes with vinegar (Calcite) • Transparent – can see through it • Opaque – pearly, cloudy • Magnetic * High Mass