Download unit iii: the renaissance 1300-1600 a

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UNIT III: THE RENAISSANCE 1300-1600 A.D.
“MAN’S QUEST TO BE AN INDIVIDUAL”
1. Renaissance
a. As trade improved, cities _____________ and many
non-nobles _____________.
b. Patrons
c. “Renaissance” is a French term for _______ During
the Renaissance, which began in _______, many
______________ were reborn.
d. Interest in Classical culture
e. Development in humanities
f. Interest in earthly life
g. Concern for public service & politics
h. Advances in technology
i. Achievement in literature & arts
2. Humanism & the complete man
a. Francesco Petrarch (1313-1374)
b. Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1374)
c. Baldassare Castiglione wrote of the idea of the
complete man (now called ______________) which
was _____________________________________
d. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was an _______,
whose best-known works are ________________; he
was also a ____________________.
3. Renaissance warfare
a. Italy was divided
b. Condotieri
4. Venice
a. Fourth Crusade
b. Marco Polo
c. Venetian artists
d. Bravo
e. doge
f. Rialto
5. Florence
a. famous Florentines
b. Cosimo de Medici
c. Lorenzo de Medici (1449-1492)
6. The Popes
a. Pope Pius II
b. Pope Sixtus IV
c. Pope Alexander VI
d. Cesare Borgia
e. Pope Julius II
f. Pope Leo X
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7. Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) was a _____________ in
Florence, who wrote The Prince, of which the main idea
is ____________________. Machiavelli based the Prince
upon _____________ & dedicated it to ________________.
8. Art
9. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564) was ________,
whose best-known works include: _____________________.
a. The Sistine Chapel, in the Vatican, was built by
______________, and Pope Julius II hired
Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine
Chapel; it took over 4 years, uses 6000 square
feet, containing 145 separate scenes.
10.Johannes Gutenburg (1394-1468)
11.Northern Humanists
a. Erasmus (1466-1536)
b. Sir Thomas More
12.Northern artists
a. a. Hans Holbein the Younger (1497-1543)
b. Rembrandt van Rijn
c. Hieronymous Bosch (1453-1516)
d. Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525-69)
e. Albrecht Durer
13. Northern Renaissance writers
a. a. Geoffry Chaucer (1340-1400)
b. b. William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
c. c. Miguel de Cervantes
14. Renaissance astronomers
a. Nicholas Copernicus (1437-1543)
b. Johannes Kepler (1571-1630)
c. Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
THE HUNDRED YEARS WAR
15.Reasons for the Hundred Years Wars (1337-1453)
a. With the growth of _____________ the nobles
became weaker, while the _______________. Taxes
paid for _______, which replaced feudal troops.
b. Longbows
c. Crossbows
d. spears or pikes
e. gunpowder
f. Parliament
g. Loss of serfs
h. The King of _________ was technically a vassal of
the King of _______ & had to give ______________.
16. Edward III
a. When Charles IV, King of France, died, Phillip de
Valois became King Phillip VI.
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b. Edward III was King of England who claimed the
French throne because he was a ______________.
Since Edward II, Edward III’s father was
______________, Edward III wanted to keep his
nobles ______________.
c. Sallic Law
17. Battle of Crecy 8/21/1346
a. At the Battle of Crecy in France, the first
really important battle of _______________, the
________________ were outnumbered by a
____________;the French nobles charged the
English position and many were either
______________________; the _____ won.
b. Edward, Prince of Wales, the Black Prince
c. Tournaments & pas de armes
18.Battle of Poitiers 9/19/1356
a. Jean the Good became _________________ in 1350 &
reigned until 1364.
b. At Poitiers, King Jean had _________________.
When it began to rain, _______________________
The ____ won.
c. The Duchy of Burgundy
19. Agincourt 10/25/1415
a. Henry V became King of England and tried to unite
England, making his family, ___________, popular
by _________. He made impossible demands of
___________.
b. Henry first attacked the city of
in
September, 1415, capturing it. His army grew
sick with
and tried to retreat, but were
confronted at Agincourt. Henry’s army numbered
and faced
across a ploughed field in a
rainstorm.
The French lost
, while
the English lost approximately
.
c. The Treaty of Troyes
d. William Shakespeare later wrote
.
20.The End of the War
a. Joan of Arc
b. The English were driven from France in 1453.
THE WAR OF THE ROSES
21.The War of the Roses (1455-1485)
a. The War of the Roses was a war fought between
___________________________________, the
__________, whose emblem was a ______, and the
_____, whose emblem was a _____. This war
involved most of the _____ families, of which ___
were killed in the
.
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b. Richard III
c. Henry Tudor
d. Bosworth Field, 8/22/1485
e. Henry VII
f. William Shakespeare
22.Heraldry
a. Heraldry began as badges of
. A coatof-arms was a
. The language used in
heraldry often included terms in
.
b. Tinctures
1. azure
2. gules
3. sable
4. vert
5. purpure
c. metals
1. or
2. argent
d. charge
e. marks of cadency
f. blazon
g. heralds
THE REFORMATION AND COUNTER-REFORMATION
23.Problems in the Catholic Church
a. The Popes were forced to move to
in
1305.
elected a new Pope in 1378, so
there were two Popes between 1378-1417; later
there were three:
.
b. Church offices
c. The Popes
d. indulgences
24.Revolts against the Church
a. John Wycliff
b. John Huss
c. Jan Zizka
25.Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation
a. Martin Luther was a German monk who ____________.
He was
by the Pope &
by
Charles V, the
.
b. Martin Luther formed the
and started
the
; those who followed his ideas
were called ___________.
26.John Calvin
27. Henry VIII
28.The Counter-Reformation
a. the Jesuits
b. the Inquisition