Download KEY Chapter 1 TEST REVIEW

Chapter 1 TEST REVIEW World History
NAME____KEY_______________
Know these terms and/or people and how they are important in chapter 1
John Calvin- Religious reformer set up Geneva a theocracy
Henry VIII- King of England broke from Rome set up the Church of
England
Leonardo Da Vinci- Italian painter/inventor created the “Mona Lisa”
Michelangelo- Italian painter/sculptor famous for “the David” and the
Sistine Chapel
Lorenzo De’ Medici- leader of Florence, wealthy merchant, and a
Patron—early Renaissance
Niccolo Machiavelli- wrote the “Prince” took a real look at politics as
ruthless and corrupt
Nicolaus Copernicus- scholar believed the sun was the center of the
Universe “Heliocentric”
Albrecht Durer- German painter/engraver brought renaissance to Germany
Martin Luther- German Monk attacked indulgences and began the
Protestant Reformation
Issac Newton- English scientist discovered “named” for force of Gravity
Galileo Galilei- created the first astronomical telescope, charged with
heresy for his beliefs
Francesco Petrarch- Renaissance writer/poet wrote “Sonnets to Laura”
Desiderius Erasmus- Northern humanist writer that helped spread
humanist ideas
Thomas More- created the idea of a Utopia, humanist, executed by Henry
VII, later a saint
Queen Mary Tudor- known as Bloody Mary, brought back Catholicism to
England
Teresa of Avila- Spanish nun reformed convents in Spain, later a saint
Elizabeth I- 2nd child of Henry VIII, brought prosperity to England,
known as “Virgin Queen”
William Shakespeare- leading playwright in England during the
Renaissance
Annul- Cancel something like King Henry VIII marriage
Gravity- Force that keeps the planets in orbit and things on the earth
Patron- Person providing financial support
Perspective- Technique that creates a three-dimensional appearance
Theocracy- Church run State or Country
Heliocentric- Sun centered model of the universe
Humanism- Movement during the Renaissance that focused on worldly
subjects
Indulgence- sold by the Catholic church to lessen punishment for sins
Predestination- God determined long ago who would achieve salvation,
preached by John Calvin
Recant- give up your beliefs or views
Utopia- perfect society where everyone works for the good of the
community
Vernacular- everyday language
Engravings- artistic form that etches metal with acid to create prints,
Albrecht Durer famous for this
Canonized- sainted by the Catholic Church
Printing Press- invented by Johann Guttenberg revolutionized how books
were copied
Ghetto
- separate part of the city where Jews lived
Scientific Method- painstaking process to find truth in science, many
steps to reach a conclusion
COMPLETE the following questions
What did the artists of the later Renaissance focus on in there writing and
art? Worldly subjects and Humanistic concerns
Why is Albrecht Durer often compared to Leonardo da Vinci? Talented in
many different areas
What did the development of printing in Europe lead to? Spread of NEW
IDEAS
Why did Luther criticize the Catholic Church? Selling indulgences
What were some of the results of the Catholic Reformation? Increased
tolerance of other faiths, witch hunt decline, stronger more religious
church
What idea did Copernicus propose? Heliocentric
How did merchants contribute to the birth of the Renaissance? Being
patrons, wealthy middle class
Why was the Renaissance slower in Northern Europe? Delayed economic
growth due the the black plague
What was the main belief of Martin Luther dealing with Faith? Salvation
by faith alone
What did Henry VIII create after the refusal of his annulment? Broke
away from Rome and Catholicism created the Church of England
[Anglican]
Which philosopher stressed the use of experiments and observation for
knowledge? - Bacon
Who stated “I think therefore I am”.- Descartes