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CHORAL TERMS LIST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 A A Cappella Accelerando Accent Adagio Agitato Air Allargando Allegro Andante Aria Arranger Art songs Balance Ballad Bar line Baritone Bass Basso buffo Basso profundo Blend Bridge Cadence Cadenza Canon Cantata Carol Chanson Chant Chanty Choir Chord Coda Codetta Coloratura Common time Composer Conducting patterns Consonance Contertenor Contralto Crescendo Cut time Da Capo Dal Segno Debut Decrescendo Diaphragm Diction Diminuendo Dissonance Divisi Dolce Dominant Dynamics Elegy - B singing without instrumental accompaniment gradually faster stress or emphasis on certain notes slowly agitated a melody or song gradually slower fast walking tempo a solo in an opera person who adapts a musical work classical songs relationship of one section of the choir to the rest a song that tells a story divides music into measures the middle range male voice the lowest male voice the comic role sung by the bass sings the lowest bass notes relationship of a voice to those around it transitional, moving from one section to another at the end of each phrase, the point of arrival or rest an elaborate passage at the end of a vocal solo a single melody begun by one part and followed in imitation by one or more voices vocal composition that contains many movements (sections) a traditional song for Easter or Christmas French word for song a spoken recitation on a pitch a sea song group of voices singing as one 3 or more pitches sounded at the same time an added ending to a piece a short ending soprano with a light, sparkling voice same as 4/4 (C) person who wrote the music hand motions used to indicate meter, tempo, and interpretation describes qualities of agreement and stability highest tenor, male voice lowest female voice, sometimes referred to as an alto to get louder (Alla Breve) 2 beats per measure repeat from the beginning (D.C.) repeat from the sign (D.S.) the first public appearance of a composition to get softer layer of muscle under the lungs that creates proper breath support clear pronounciation of the text to gradually soften describes qualities of disagreement and restlessness divided vocal parts sweetly the 5th degree of the scale and the chord built on that note (V) (Sol) the degree of volume a sad, mournful piece CHORAL TERMS LIST 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 A Espressivo Etude Falsetto Fermata Fine Flat Form Forte Forte piano Fortissimo Glottal stop - B with expression a musical study a false tone above the normal voice range to hold the note longer than its normal value the end lowers a note a 1/2 step the orderly arrangement of music loud - f loud and suddenly soft - fp very loud - ff holding your breath while singing/release of air that causes an attack against the larynx Harmony Heterophonic Homphonic Hymn Improvisation In tempo Interval Intonation Introduction Keynote Largo Legato Leger lines Libretto Lieder Liturgy Lullaby Lyric soprano Madrigal Maestoso Marcato Measure Melody Meno Meno mosso Messa di voce Mezzo - soprano Mezzo forte Mezzo piano Moderato Molto Monophonic Morendo Mosso Motif Multimeter Natural Neumes Nodules Octave Opera Operetta Oratorio - 2 or more tones sounded at the same time different, varied, diverse, some instruments used characterized by church hymn.Melody in top part/others are harmonic support a religious or sacred song making up the melody and line within the given key on the spot in time the distance between two notes the accuracy of pitch preparation for the piece to begin pitch that is the tonal center of the key (do) the slowest tempo marking smoothly small lines added above or below the staff the words of an opera (or musical) art song the formal program of music in a worship service cradle song has a "warm" voice a cappella secular songs with 4 to 6 parts and polyphonic in texture majestically strong with accents group of beats divided by bar lines a succession of single musical tones less less motion attack of a sustained vocal tone pp, crescendo to ff, and return to pp the middle range female singing voice medium loud - mf medium soft - mp moderately much one melody line, no embellishments, and with no accompaniment to die away motion the musical idea around which the composition is developed a composition consists of frequent meter changes cancels any sharp or flat the name of early notes thickened tissue/callouses on the vocal folds The interval of an 8th a musical drama that is sung rather than spoken a lighter opera in which some parts are spoken a long work without costumes or scenery, usually religious in nature CHORAL TERMS LIST 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 A Ostinato Phonic Phrase Pianissimo Piano Poco a poco Polyphonic Presto Prime Programmatic Range Repeat Requiem Retrograde Retrograde canon Ritardando Rondo Rubato Scale - B a repeated rhythmic or melodic pattern produces sound the expansion of the motif, an incomplete statement very soft - pp soft - p little by little many sounds very fast interval of a unison attempted to tell a story, set a mood, or describe a scene a spectrum of notes a voice can sing, from lowest to highest to sing again a mass sung for the dead to sing backwards one voice sings from beginning to end/another voice sings from end to beginning to slow down ABACA a change in tempo according to the composition's melodic line an arrangement of pitches in succession through a certain order of whole and half steps Score Segue Senza Serenade Sforzando Sharp Sight-singing Simile Slur Song form Soprano Sostenuto Sotto voce Spiritual Staccato Staff Subdominant Subito Syncopation Tacet Tempo Tenuto Tessitura Texture Tie Timbre Time signature Tonic Transpose Tutti Unison Vocalise - notation of a composition to continue on immediately without a romantic song hit the note and get down in volume raises a note a 1/2 step the ability to sing music at first sight (solfege) to continue in a like manner a curved line connecting notes of different pitch song with a verse and a chorus the highest female singing voice sustained under the breath a Negro song dealing with a religious subject short and snappy 5 lines and 4 spaces the 4th degree of the scale and the chord built on that note (IV) (fa) suddenly strong note on a weak beat silent, not to be performed rate of speed to hold the note for its full value the general "lie" of a vocal part, an average pitch level how the music is put together a curved line connecting notes of the same pitch tone color of the singing voice top number - how many beats in measure/bottom - what kind of note gets one beat the first degree of the scale and the chord built on that note (I) (do) to rewrite and perform in a key other than the original all interval where both pitches are the same/all sing the same note a vocal exercise or etude, sung to vowels or syllables