Download The Renaissance

Widespread change in culture
that took place in Europe
beginning in the 1330s.
Means “rebirth”
Why Italy?
1. Location, location,
location- center for
European trade
2. Italy’s merchants
became very
wealthy
3. No feudal system,
developed citystates which had a
lot of power
Leonardo da Vinci
• Known as a
“Renaissance” man- what
does that mean?
• Left-handed when left
handed was considered
“devil’s work”
• He was an inventor, artist,
and scientist:
– In his notebooks you could
find human anatomy,
painting, architecture, and
elements of mechanics
Self-portrait: Leonardo da Vinci
Mona Lisa
• Also known as La
Gioconda
• Found at the Louevre in
Paris, France
• Leonardo started
painting this in 15031504 in Florence, Italy.
Finished in 1519 in
France.
• Subject is Lisa del
Gionconido,
commissioned by her
husband to celebrate the
birth of their son!
Mona Lisa
• Theft and
Vandalism:
– Vincenzo Peruggia
(tried to sell to the
Uffizi Gallery in
Florence, Italy)
– Damaged by acid,
rocks thrown,
eventually covered
in bullet proof glass
Speculation of Mona Lisa
• His mother
Caterina?
• Likeness of
Leonardo himself?
• Gian Giacomo
Caprotti? (da
Vinci’s apprentice)
• Estimated worth:
$753.8 Million in
2009
The Last Supper
History
• Worked on it 1495-1498
• Original found in a monastery in Milan,
Italy
• Represents the apostles’ reaction after
Jesus announces who will betray him
• Pop culture references: The DaVinci
Code- speculates who is really
represented in painting…conspiracy?
Inventions
•
•
•
•
Tank
Helicopter
Weapons
Parachute
Leonardo da Vinci’s Later Life
• Worked for the French
Governor of Milan
• French were eventually
kicked out of Milan with no
where to go…
• He stayed in Rome with a
member of the d’Medici
family, but did not work
steadily
• Moved to France and
became the “First painter,
architect, and engineer to the
King”
• Died at the age of 67
Michelangelo
• Artist
• Sculptor
• Architect (St.
Peter’s Basilica at
age 74, died before
completion)
• Main patron was
Lorenzo Medici
Pieta
• Italian for pity
• Depiction of Mary
cradling Jesus after
his death
• Located at the
Vatican (St. Peter’s
Basilica)
• Particularly youthful
interpretation of the
Pieta
Damage and Vandalism
• Laszlo Toth (1972)
– With geologist hammer
– Claimed to be Jesus
Christ
– 15 blows
– Removed Mary’s nose,
arm, elbow, eyelid
– Never charged with
crime due to insanity
David
• Created 1501-1504
• Depiction of the Biblical
hero
• 17 feet high
• Marble
• Meant for outdoors in
the Piazza del Signoria
(replica still found there)
• Accademia Gallery in
Florence, Italy
The Sistine Chapel
Famous depiction of God giving life to Adam
The Sistine Chapel
• Commissioned by
Pope Julius II
• 1508-1512
• Place where new
popes are decided
• Michelangelo
painted the ceiling
and fresco (wall
painting called The
Last Judgment)
The Ceiling
• Michelangelo had to build his own scaffolding to
complete the project
• Laid on his back to complete the ceiling painting
• Nine stories from the book of Genesis
• Garden of Eden, Creation of Adam and Eve,
Great Flood
• Resented the commission by the Pope because
he believed he is a sculptor not a painter
The Last Judgment- Fresco
• 1535-1541
• Represents the
second coming of
Christ and the
Apocalypse
• Behind altar of
Sistine Chapel
• Attempted
censorship by
Cardinals- nudes
were obscene
Sandro Botticelli
• Florence, Italy
• Painting
apprentice at age
14
• Patron of Lorenzo
de Medici
• 2 Masterpieces
Primavera
• Known as Allegory of Spring
• Depicts mythological figures in a garden
• Uffizi Gallery- Florence, Italy
Birth of Venus
• Depicts the Goddess Venus being emerging from
the sea
• Botticelli leans toward mythology not religion
The Renaissance Moves North
•
•
•
•
•
England
France
Germany
Belgium
Netherlands
Shakespeare
• English Poet
• Wrote 37 plays
• Can anyone name
some?
• Actor before writing
plays
• Also wrote sonnets
Shakespeare in Pop Culture
• Romeo and Juliet
Shakespeare in Pop Culture
• Hamlet
• The Taming of the Shrew
Shakespeare in Pop Culture
• Othello
How to: Sonnets
• Must be 14 lines
• Must be written in iambic pentameter
• Must be written in one of the standard
rhyme schemes
• Shakespearean Sonnet:
– ABABCDCDEFEFGG (each letter is a line)
– Every A rhymes with A, B with B, etc.
Theme of Shakespearean Sonnet
• First quatrain: An exposition of the main theme
and main metaphor.
• Second quatrain: Theme and metaphor
extended or complicated; often, some
imaginative example is given.
• Third quatrain: Peripeteia (a twist or conflict),
often introduced by a "but" (very often leading off
the ninth line).
• Couplet: Summarizes and leaves the reader with
a new, concluding image.
Sonnet 18
• A
B
A
B
C
D
C
D
E
F
E
F
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest,
Nor shall death brag thou wanderest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou growest.
G So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
G So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
Albrecht Durer
• German artist
• Woodcarvings,
engraving and painting
• After being an
apprentice he took a
“gap” year where he
traveled to Italy and
other places to study
art
• Most influential artist of
the Northern
Renaissance
Woodcarving
• Durer completed
the woodcarving
based on a letter of
the Italian
merchant that
actually saw the
rhinoceros
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AND A PENCIL
Why Italy?
1. _______________
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2. _______________
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3. _______________
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The Renaissance Moves North
• _____________
• _____________
• _____________
• _____________
• _____________
What famous
event happened
in Rouen, France?