Download RELS 110

RELS 110
In the Image of God:
An Introduction to World Religions
Final Exam Review Questions
Having attended the lecture and completed the reading, you should by now be able to
define the following terms and identify the following people:
salaam - peace
islam – to surrender
Muslim
salama – to be safe; one becomes safe by surrendering to God
Adam
Religious context of pre-Islamic Arabia:
Indigenous traditions
Nature worshippers
Animists
Polytheists
al-Lat
al-Manat
Hubal
Jews
Christians
Muhammad (570-632)
Mecca
Quraysh tribe (of which Muhammad was a member)
Ka’bah
Abu Talib
Khadijah
Mt. Hira
Angel Gabriel
Abu Talib
hijra: the flight from Mecca to Medina in 622; this event is the date which marks the
beginning of the Islamic calendar
umma – literally family – terms used to refer to the community of Islam
zakat – almsgiving to the poor of 20%
qibla – the direction of Muslim prayer – towards Mecca
ahl-al-kitab – people of the book – referring to people who share the common scripture –
Jews and Christians
razzia
Muhammad
Quran
hadith
qiyas (analogy)
ijma (consensus)
ulama
Five core Islamic beliefs
Allah
allahu akbar: God is most great
99 beautiful names of God
malik: angel
Iblis: the “whisperer”
Five core Islamic actions
niya: intention
shahadah: confession
“I bear witness that there is no God but God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God.”
salat: prayer
Almsgiving (zakat)
Fasting (Ramadan)
Pilgrimage (hajj)
Holy war (jihad)
Key principles for understanding Islam:
1.
God: a master/servant relationship of God to humans and humans to God
2.
Islam is a religion of revelation (God guides people)
3.
Islam is a confessional religion
4.
Islam is a religion of history (God acts in the world)
5.
Islam is a comprehensive religion: total, all-embracing and inclusive
6.
Islam is a religion of law
7.
Islam knows the overwhelming impress of the personality of the prophet
Muhammad
8.
Islam is a religion of community
9.
Islam has a sense of the equality of believers
10.
Islam is a missionary religion
11.
Islam has a sense of the mystical perfection of Islam; there is the sense the
some muslims may be bad, but Islam is good.
The question of Muhammad’s successor:
Abu Bakr
Umar ibn Khattab
Uthman
Ali
The four rightly governed caliphs
Sunni
Shi’ia
imam
Development of Islamic thought:
Orthopraxy – right behavior – Islamic law (sharia)
Orthodoxy – right belief – Islamic theology (al-kindi) and Islamic philosophy (alfarabi)
Orthathaethesia – right feeling – Islamic mysticism
al-Hallaj
al-Ghazali (1058-1111)
taqlid
Guru Nanak
Ramanand
Kabir
Guru
Guru Nanak
Guru Angad
Guru Amar Das
Guru Ram Das
Guru Arjan Dev
Guru Hargobind
Akbar
Guru Har Ral
Guru Harkrishan
Guru Tegh Bahadur
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Granth Sahib
Sikh
List 7 principle Sikh beliefs
List 4 principle Sikh practices
Gurdwara
Khalsa
Singh
The five K’s
What is the Sikh perception of the nature of God?
What is the Sikh perception of the nature of humanity?
What is the Sikh perception of the right relationship between God and humans?
Humanism
Secularism
Freud
Evolution
Darwin
Baha’i
Pope Jean Paul II