Download Ch. 5 How Ecosystems Work

How Ecosystems Work
Chapter 5
Ecological Succession
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• Ecological Succession
• A gradual process of change and
replacement of the types of species in a
community
Secondary Succession
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• Secondary Succession
• A common type of succession that
occurs on a surface where an
ecosystem has previously existed
• Carbon Dioxide
• An atmospheric gas that increases
when fossil fuels are burned off
Algal Bloom
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• Algal Bloom
• Evidence of excessive fertilizer use
Climax Community
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• Climax Community
• A final and stable community
Old-Field Succession
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• Old-Field Succession
• A types of succession that occurs on an
abandoned farmland
The Sun
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• What is the ultimate source of energy
for almost all organisms except those
living deep in the ocean near a thermal
vent?
• The Sun
Predator vs Prey
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• Which of the following might depend on
a rabbit for its energy?
• Grasshopper
• Cayote
• Cow
• horse
Carnivore
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• A consumer that eats only producers is
called a(n)
• Carnivore
Food Chain
are
Quic kTi m e™ a nd a
de com pres s or
need ed t o s e e th is p ict ure.
• What term is used to describe a linear
sequence in which energy is transmitted
from one organism to the next as each
organism eats another organism?
• Food Chain
Food Web
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• What term is used to refer to the many
feeding relationships that are possible in
an ecosystem?
• Food Web
Energy/Food Pyramid
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• Which organism would occupy the level
on an energy pyramid with the most
energy?
• Bobcat
• Bird
• Grasshopper
• carrot
Fossil Fuels
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Where are fossil fuels located?
On the surface of the Earth
Deep Within the Earth
Beneath the ocean floor
Lichens
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• How do lichens contribute to primary
succession?
• Lichens begin to break down rock to
form soil
• Where would you most likely find
nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
• On the roots of legumes
Legumes
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• What type of vegetation would you
expect to find on an abandoned farm
that has been undistributed by humans
for 150 years?
• Short grasses
• Shrubs
• Young pine trees
• Tall, mature oak trees
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Consumers are organisms that
Eat only other animal species
Get solar or other energy indirectly
Are also known as self-feeders
Occupy an ecosystem’s lowest energy
level
• The energy consumed by organisms
• Can be stored in fat and sugar
molecules
Nitrogen Cycle
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• Which of these is a large reservoir of
nitrogen that is usable by most
organisms?
• Soil
• Atmosphere
• Ocean
• space