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Overview of Structural Geology (Chapter 1 in D &R) Why is it important? - fundamental discipline in Earth Sciences- “the study of the architecture of the Earth’s crust” - geometry is key to many ES applications (oil, mining); Our goals: (1) to learn how to make structural observations and present them to others; (2) to interpret the processes that led to the “final “product”- the geologic observations. Primary vs. secondary structures. Primary: depositional contacts, cross-bedding, ripple markes, Ropy textures in lavas, mud-cracks; Secondary: these are the real structures we’re after- and are due to rock regional deformation. Examples: Folds, faults, shear zones, etc. QuickTime™ and a Photo - JPEG decompressor are needed to see this picture. Structural analysis: 1. Descriptive analysis 2. Kinematic analysis- deformational movements- translations, rotations,distorsions, etc. 3. Dynamic analysis - interprets the forces and stresses associated to deformations. Scale of analysis. Geologic time scale 4.5 Ga old, structures can be very old. Rates of processes. Kinematic reconstruction: Rotations, translations, dilations, distortions QuickTime™ and a Cinepak decompressor are needed to see this picture. Dynamic analysis: - physical models (experimental) - mathematical models (theoretical) QuickTime™ and a GIF decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTi me™ and a GIF decompressor are needed to see thi s pi ctur e. Read Chapter 1 in DR Next: Large scale deformations QuickTime™ and a Photo decompressor are needed to see this picture.