Download CHAPTER 9-1

CHAPTER 9-1
KINGDOM
PROTISTA
A. WHAT ARE THEY? Page 230
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Single or many celled - may live in colonies
Live in moist or wet environments
Eukaryotic
Great variety
– Plant like (producers)
– Animal like (consumers)
– Fungi like (decomposers)
B. Plant like protists
• Algae
- One or many celled
- Makes own food
- Contains chlorophyll / chloroplasts
- Grouped according to their pigments
1. Diatoms – phylum
chryso = golden brown
a) One celled
b) photosynthetic
c) stores food in the form of
oil
d) gold-brown pigment
masks the green
e) Their shells collect on the
sea floor
1) used for road line
reflection and
toothpaste
f) Made of silica (SiO2)–
used in glass production
Chrysophyta
Diatom Video
2. Dinoflagellates – phylum Pyrrophyta
a) “fire algae” – red pigment
b) 2 flagella
- one moves the cell
- one causes it to spin
c) food stored as starch and oils
d) food source for salt water organisms
RED TIDE
3. Green Algae – phylum Chlorophyta
a) 7,000 species – most diverse group
of protists
b) green pigment (photosynthesis)
c) food stored in the form of starch
d) lives in water, on tree trunks, decks,
and other organisms
e) one or many celled
Take a look at these cool Green Algae
SPIROGYRAVideo
VOLVOXVideo
Algae used as a bio-fuel source
http://gmy.news.yahoo.com/v/13190450
4. Red Algae – phylum Rhodophyta
rhodo = red
a) used for pudding and toothpaste (gives it
its smooth texture)
b) stores food as carbohydrates
c) most are many celled
d) Red pigment helpful in absorbing limited
light in deep ocean depths.
5. Brown Algae – phylum Phaeophyta
a) many celled
b) Kelp
c) used in ice cream and marshmallows
d) produces a carb. Called “algin”
e) used to make fertilizer
f) home (shelter) to many aquatic animals
UNDER SEA FOREST
Kelp Video
6. Euglenas – phylum
a) Have both plant and animal
characteristics
b) Contains chloroplasts – makes
sugar
c) Get food when light is not present
d) No cell walls
e) strong flexible membrane that
helps it change
shape
f) Use of flagella for movement
g) Eye spot – responds to
light…..Why?
Euglenophyta
Euglena Video
C. Animal Like Protists
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Called protozoa
Live in water, soil, and other organisms
Many are parasites
Contain digestive vacuoles
4 kinds
1) Sarcodines
3) Ciliates
2) Flagellates
4) Sporozoans
-Classified by their method of……
MOVEMENT
1. Sarcodines - phylum Rizopoda
ex. Amoeba
a) use of pseudopods for
movement and
feeding
- “false foot”
- extensions of the cytoplasm
- kind of like endocytosis
b) found in both salt and fresh
water
c) some found as parasites
inside animals
Amoeba Video
2. Flagellates phylum -
Zoomastigina
a) move by using flagella
b) live in fresh water – some are parasites
c) examples:
- Trypanosoma causes African
sleeping sickness.
- Some live in termites and produce
enzymes that allow termites to digest
wood.
This relationship is called………..
Mutualism
3. Ciliates – phylum Ciliophora
a) move using cilia
b) example: Paramecium
- 2 Nuclei: Macro
(large) cell function
Micro
(small) reproduction
c) feed on bacteria
- oral groove
- Food vacuole
digests the food
Paramecium Video
Ciliates continued
d) Waste products removed through anal
pore
e) Contractile vacuole used to remove extra
water from the cell
** Complex Body Structure
4. Sporozoans – phylum Sporozoa
a) all are parasitic
b) can’t move on their
own
c) some feed on the blood
of
humans and other animals
Malaria Video
SLIME MOLD
The left photo (courtesy of Prof. I. K. Ross) shows the plasmodial stage
of Stemonitis just before it formed sporangia.
The right photo (courtesy of Turtox) shows the fully developed sporangia
of Stemonitis.
Slime molds are appearing in mulch. To me, they are beautiful with their
intricate structure. However, most people think they look like scrambled
eggs or dog vomit. They appear in several sizes and colors with no
definite shape. Those in my mulch change on a daily basis from a bright
yellow netting, to a tan powder, to a dark brown dried blob.