Download English_Jaringan Tumbuhan 2005-01

THE TISSUE OF PLANTS
The Standard of Competency:
Identifying the Characteristics of Morphology and Anatomy of Plant Bodies(C
Tissue, The Tissue System of Organ, Organ), The Processes of Growing a
Developing, Reproduction, Its Breeding, Classification and The Roles of
Plants for Lives.
The Basic of Competency:
Identifying the Characteristics of Morphology and Anatomy of
Plant Bodies
(Cells, Tissues, The tissue system of Organ, Organ)
SMK N 1 JEPARA
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THE OBJECTIVES
The students are expected to be able to identify the composers of
plant bodies (cells, tissues, the tissues system of organ, and
organ) by observing the characteristics of morphology and
anatomy and interpreting pictures.
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CELL AND TISSUE PLANTS

The wall of plant cells is especially composed
by cellulose. Most of cell plants; specially
strength giving cells, have two tissues of cell
walls, namely basic and secondary walls.

On cell walls, there is thin part called “noktah”.
Through this, side by side cytoplasm cells
(plasmodesmata) can be well-connected one
another.

Plasmodesmata is communication and
circulation channels among side by side plant
cells (see the picture)

On multi-celluler living things, homogenous
cells go through the process of specialization to
form embryonic system (meristem), There is
point of growing in plants. Then, the embryonic
tissues differentiate to form other tissues.
Regarding that process, many kinds of tissues
also appear in plants and animals

Based on the development the plant tissue can
be divided into two kind, meristem tissue
(embryonic = young) and adult tissue.

The adult tissues do not experience cell
cleavage. It is divided into epidermis tissue,
parekim tissue, supporting tissue, vein tissue
(xylem and phloem), and peridem.
Picture. The structure of Plant Cells (Campbell,
2006).
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THE TISSUE OF MERISTEM
In this tissue, new cells are
formed (actively split).
The tissue is in the growing point,
such as root ends, stem
ends.The tissues in root and
stem ends are called apical
meristem, the tissue between
xylem and phloem is called
vein cambium and that
replacing epidermis function as
protective tissue is called
sponge tissue (peridem)
Gambar. Jaringan meristem pada akar (Campbell, 2006).
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THE TISSUE OF EPIDERMIS
 The epidermis tissue is outer
layer of plant organ, consisting
of one layer of living cells and
composed tightly, formed flat,
cube, prism, or dented.
 This tissue functions to protect
inside tissues from physical
damage or pathogen infection.
In the organ experiencing
secondary growth, protective
function is replaced by sponge
tissue that is formed later. In
leaves or stems of several
Gambar. Jaringan epidermis daun dikotil (Campbell, 2006)
plants, the epidermis cells
produce kind of wax
compound called cuticcula.
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THE TISSUE OF PARENKIM
Picture. Parenkim cell(Campbell, 2006).
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 Parenkim tissue is basic tissue
consisting of living cells, having
thin wall and its shape is generally
polygonal
 Parenkim cell of leaf contains
chloroplast called klorenkima which
has important role in
photosynthesis process
 Parenkim cells without chloroplast
can be found in tubers, fruits and
seeds that function as food reserve.
 Parenkim cells have big vacuole
containing extract, oil, crystal and
diverse outcome of secretion cells
 The adult parenkim of cell can split
and differentiate to be other types
of cell
 The ability of parenkim cell to
multiply is very important to
improve damaged tissues, such as
when the plant is injured
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THE SUPPORTER TISSUE
 The supporter tissue functions to
strengthen the stand of plant stem
and it has 2 types : kolenkim and
sklerenkim tissues
 The kolenkim tissue (living cell,
thiickering on cellulose wall of cell
angles,pektin), has role to to
Picture1. Kolenkim cell (Biology of Plants 5th edition, 1992)
strengthen young stems that do
not become wood yet. Its function
is as supporter tissues of young
organs
Picture 2.
Sklerenkim cell, fiber(left) dan sklereid (right)
(Campbell, 2006)
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 The sklerenkim tissue (dead cells,
thick wall hardened and lignin dan
mengeras, lignin). There are 2
types of sklerenkim;e.i, sklereid
(stone cell, round shape, on
coconut shell) and fiber (long
shape, sharpening on its two
ends, found in the surface of
coconut stem)
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THE CARRIER TISSUE
Gambar 1. Jaringan xylem (Campbell, 2006).
 The xylem tissue(wood vein: dead
cell,waxed wall), is composed by
trakea, trakeid, fiber and xylem
parenkim and functions to carry
water and salt mineral from root to
leaf. 2 kinds ofxylem ;i.e, trakea and
trakeid (Picture 1.). Named trakea,if
wall border among its composer
cells has been gone and the other
appears perforator plate. Named
trakeit if the border among the
composer cell looks holey called
pit.
 The floem tissue (filter tube with
surrounding cells = companion
cell), function as a transporter
asimilasi results from leaves
to all the other organs. Floem
composed of: filter tube, filter
cell, fiber floem, parenkim
floem and surrounding cells
Gambar 2. Jaringan floem(Campbell, 2006).
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THE PERIDERM TISSUE (SPONGE TISSUE)
 The Sponge Tissue (periderm) consists of sponge
cells produced by sponge cambium (felogen),
function to cover root, stem, and branch from
physical disruption, replaces epidermis function as
protector. The sponge tissue is found in dikotil
plants.
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COMPILED BY:
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