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Divisions of the Nervous System AP 1/5 Nervous System Graphic Organizer Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Central Nervous System The brain and spinal cord Brain more later! Spinal Cord ________________ ________________ Peripheral Nervous System - ____________________________ o 2 types of nerves Sensory _______________________________________________________ Motor ________________________________________________________ Divisions of the PNS Somatic Autonomic Sympathetic Parasympathetic Divisions of the Nervous System AP 2/5 PNS – Divided into 2 Parts Somatic nervous system ____________________ - ______________________ Autonomic nervous system - _______________________ ____________________________ Constriction of blood vessels ____________________________ Autonomic nervous system is divided in two parts Sympathetic nervous system >> _______________________ Parasympathetic nervous system >> _________________________ >>________________________________ Bases of Comparison Effect Sympathetic Neurons >> ___________________________________ >> ________________________ Parasympathetic Neurons Neurotransmitter Restoring enzyme Same Same Fight or Flight! Adrenal Glands Sudden simultaneous release of ___________________________ from all the sympathetic neurons (as in times of fright) has a critical effect. It causes the release of the hormone __________________from the interior of the ____________________ located on top of the kidneys. The __________________________________________ what is known as ‘Fight or Flight” response. They prepare the body to respond to danger in the following ways: 1. _______________________________________________________________________ 2. _______________________________________________________________________ 3. Sudden contraction of some muscles to tense the body up for action. Included in this is the contraction of the diaphragm. A scared person will gasp, inhaling suddenly. 4. ______________________________________________________________________ 5. Increased blood flow to the skeletal muscles so they are more able to act. 6. _______________________________________________________________________. the Divisions of the Nervous System AP Divisions of Nervous System Graphic Organizer 6 Parts of the brain and function 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. (MMmmm …) Brain(s!!!!!!!!): Medulla Oblongata -Brain Stem (bottom of the brain) -Pathway between _______________________________ -Controls: Vomiting, coughing, sneezing, hiccoughing, swallowing. -Controls: __________________________________________________________. Cerebellum -Butterfly shaped -Rear, lower portion of the brain 3/5 Divisions of the Nervous System AP -__________________________ portion of the brain -Controls: Muscle co-ordination (smooth graceful motions) __________________________________________________________. Hypothalamus -Located just above the pituitary gland. -Controls: The _________________________________. Hunger, thirst, sleep, body temp, water balance, and BP. Maintains homeostasis by controlling endocrine control (more later) Motor Control Thalamus -Above the hypothalamus -Controls: _____________________ for information going to the ______________. Channels info to appropriate place and prevents sensory overload. Cerebrum -________________________ of the brain -Controls: ________________________________ Perceives sensory information Initiates movements -Contains 2 hemispheres (Right and left) -Memory -Parts: 1. Frontal Lobe- _________________________________ 2. Parietal Lobe – ________________________________ 3. Temporal Lobe – ______________________________ 4. Occipital Lobe – Vision (overhead) Corpus Callosum -Holds the hemispheres of the Cerebrum together -Conducts impulses from one side of the brain to the other. 4/5 Divisions of the Nervous System AP 5/5 What makes humans distinctive in this world? Is it the size of the brain? • Not really … (elephant and whales are larger) • Has to do with the size, increase in the folds of the cortex and the cortex’s ratio of the brain’s total weight. (i.e. In shrews, the cortex accounts for 20% of the brain's weight, and in humans, it accounts for 80%!) • The increased folds, enable a larger cortical surface area to fit inside the cranial vault, allow for a better organization of complex behaviours.